Viral etiology of lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized children in Mexico

Noyola, Daniel E.; Rodríguez-Moreno, Georgina; Sánchez-Alvarado, Josefina; Martínez-Wagner, Rogelio; Ochoa-Zavala, J. Raúl

doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000110269.46528.a5

Cited by 38 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These results reveal that viral infection predominated in ARIs, which agrees with reports by other authors (Sutmoller et al 1995, Sharma et al 1999, Gatchalian et al 1999, Greenwood 1999, West 2002, Manjarrez et al 2003, Noyola et al 2004) who mention that between 30 and 90% of ARIs are caused by viruses. In relation to age, we expected to find a higher frequency of both total viruses and RSV in group 1 (children younger than 1 year of age) however, it is known that the frequency of this virus is higher in younger children, in which it is devastating; however, the lowest percentage of total viruses (16%) was detected in this group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Frequency of viruses associated with acute respiratory infections in children younger than five years of age at a locality of Mexico City

Cabello

Manjarrez

Olvera

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Frequency of viruses associated with acute respiratory infections in children younger than five years of age at a locality of Mexico City

Cabello

Manjarrez

Olvera

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…The disease is usually mild in healthy individuals, but immunocompromised patients may develop severe pneumonia and secondary bacterial infections and can . Two groups in Mexico reported incidence of influenza prior to the pandemic of 7-12% (5,6). Although the present study had a small sample size, it was observed that 43% of the subjects expressed antibodies against influenza types A H1N1, A H3N2 and B prior to vaccination; this proportion increased to 73% following vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…In the United States, influenza is more frequent in winter and is associated with 36,000 mortalities annually (4). In Mexico, influenza has been associated with 7-12% of respiratory infections in certain areas (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral and cellular immune responses to influenza vaccination in children with cancer receiving chemotherapy

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The immune response to influenza vaccination in children with cancer is controversial. The objective of this study was to characterize the cellular and humoral immune responses to an influenza vaccine in children with cancer who were receiving chemotherapy. In this study, children with cancer, who were not previously immunized, received an influenza vaccine via intramuscular injection. Blood samples were obtained prior to and at 4 weeks after immunization. Antibodies were measured using a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. Cell-mediated immunity was measured by specific lymphoproliferation with 3 H-thymidine incorporation and by measuring cell frequencies following staining with monoclonal antibodies (CD8, CD4, CD19, CD45RA and CD27) using flow cytometry following incubation with the influenza antigen for 5 days. Geometric mean titers (GMT), mean counts per minute (cpm), cell frequencies prior to and following vaccination and percentage patient responses were compared using the Mann-Whitney non-parametric U and Chi-square tests; where p<0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant result. A total of 56 children were included. Their mean age was 6.64±3.61 years. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was diagnosed in 75, solid tumors in 23 and lymphoma in 2% of the children. Subjects with titers ≥40 hemagglutination units (HU) increased from 43% prior to vaccination to 73% following vaccination (p=0.01), whereas the GMT increased from 31.35 [95% confidence interval (CI), 29-111] to 143.45 HU (95% CI, 284-640) following vaccination (p<0.001). An increase in CD45RA expression in CD8 + T cells was observed following vaccination (p=0.01). An increase in CD27 expression was observed in the CD4/8-negative cell population stimulated with the influenza antigen following vaccination (p<0.05). No serious adverse effects were observed. An increase in the seropositivity rate and GMT values following influenza vaccination were also observed. Influenza immunization was well tolerated among these children with cancer and increased the humoral and cellular immune responses with the activation of probable lymphoid precursors. IntroductionThe influenza virus is a pathogen that causes respiratory disease in humans and has the potential to cause epidemics and pandemics (1). During the 1918 pandemic, 40-50 million individuals succumbed to the disease globally (2). During the 2009 pandemic, 17,483 mortalities were reported to the World Health Organization with an estimate of 200 million H1N1 influenza cases worldwide for December 2010 (3). In the United States, influenza is more frequent in winter and is associated with 36,000 mortalities annually (4). In Mexico, influenza has been associated with 7-12% of respiratory infections in certain areas (5,6).Influenza infection is characterized by sudden respiratory symptoms (fever, myalgia, headache, coughing, pharyngeal aching and rhinitis) (7). The uncomplicated disease improves within 3-7 days. However, in certain individuals with risk factors, complications may...

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“…In Mexico [5] the frequency of parainfluenza viruses in children hospitalized was as important as that of influenza viruses. By contrast, in our study we found five times more influenza viruses than parainfluenza viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The burden of respiratory viral disease in hospitalized children in Paris

et al. 2007

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A virus was identified in 464 out of 1,212 patients, 8 days to 16 years of age, who were admitted to the hospital in Paris during a 3 year period. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was found in 428 patients, 74% were younger than 6 months with bronchiolitis, and 6% were older than 2 years. RSV was the first virus isolated in all patients and in those with pneumonia or asthma. The low number of admissions due to parainfluenzae viruses is characteristic of this area compared to other countries.

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Viral etiology of lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized children in Mexico

Abstract: Respiratory viruses are responsible for at least 47.2% of LRTI requiring hospitalization at our hospital. Respiratory syncytial virus was the most important respiratory agent identified.

Cited by 38 publications

References 14 publications

Frequency of viruses associated with acute respiratory infections in children younger than five years of age at a locality of Mexico City

Frequency of viruses associated with acute respiratory infections in children younger than five years of age at a locality of Mexico City

Humoral and cellular immune responses to influenza vaccination in children with cancer receiving chemotherapy

The burden of respiratory viral disease in hospitalized children in Paris

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