Viral Hepatitis and Drugs: A Continuing Problem

Patti, Anna Maria; Santi, Annalisa; Mg, Pompa; Giustini, C; Vescia, N; Mastroeni, I; Fara, Gaetano Maria

doi:10.1093/ije/22.1.135

Cited by 44 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Injection drug use continues to be the major mode of HCV transmission in high- and middle-income countries since the implementation of effective blood supply screening in the early 1990s [3]. To date, meta-analyses and systematic reviews of HCV have focused on prevalence, with analyses of data from the same studies [1, 4, 5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic Differences in Temporal Incidence Trends of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among People Who Inject Drugs: The InC3 Collaboration

Morris

Shiboski

Bruneau

et al. 2017

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic Differences in Temporal Incidence Trends of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among People Who Inject Drugs: The InC3 Collaboration

Morris

Shiboski

Bruneau

et al. 2017

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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“…Due to risk behaviors, many individuals with chronic HCV may also be at risk for exposure to hepatitis A (HAV) and/ or hepatitis B (HBV) viruses [2][3][4][5][6]. Patients with chronic HCV have been shown to be at high risk of developing acute liver failure if they acquire acute HAV or HBV infection [7]; this is especially true in patients with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to Hepatitis A and B Vaccine Alone or in Combination in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus and Advanced Fibrosis

et al. 2009

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Patients with advanced fibrosis are at increased risk of severe outcomes if they develop acute infection with hepatitis A (HAV) or hepatitis B (HBV) viruses. There are no data on the efficacy of combined HAV/HBV vaccination in patients with advanced fibrosis. Our aim was to evaluate the response to the HAV and HBV vaccine alone or in combination for patients with chronic hepatitis C (HCV) and advanced fibrosis and to evaluate the impact of administering the vaccine while patients were receiving peginterferon for treatment of chronic HCV. In this prospective study of patients with advanced fibrosis (Ishak 3-6), those without serologic evidence of prior exposure were vaccinated with either Havrix HAV, Engerix( HBV, or the TWINRIX HAV/HBV combination vaccine as appropriate, and response was defined as the development of anti-HAV or anti-HBV surface antibodies. Of the 162 eligible patients, the prevalence of prior exposure to HAV and HBV was 30 and 18%, respectively. Of the 84 patients vaccinated, 38% received Havrix, 14% Engerix, and 48% TWINRIX. The response to the HAV vaccine was 75% in those receiving Havrix compared to 78% receiving TWINRIX. In contrast, the response to HBV vaccination was 42% in patients receiving Engerix compared to 60% in those vaccinated with TWINRIX (difference 18.3%; OR 0.29; 95% CI: 0.57-7.79). The presence of diabetes was the only risk factor identified for reduced HBV response (P = 0.01). Responses to both HAV and HBV vaccines when administered alone or in combination were lower than expected in patients with HCV and advanced fibrosis, especially in those with diabetes. The observation that the decline in HBV vaccine response was somewhat lower when this was administered alone as opposed to the combination A/B vaccine suggests that the administration of a combination vaccine may enhance the vaccination response to HBV.

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“…[1][2][3][4] Numerous studies have focused on the epidemiology of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in injection drug users (IDUs); prevalence rates for anti-HCV antibodies have been found to be between 20 and 95%. 1,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Likewise, contact with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is common in IDUs, and anti-HBc seroprevalence rates vary between 20% and 95%. 3,4,6,7,10 Variance of contact rates with HBV and HCV in IDUs is largely explained by duration of IDU activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple viral hepatitis in injection drug users and associated risk factors

Reimer

Lorenzen

Baetz³

et al. 2006

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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Coinfection with hepatic viruses is highly relevant in IDUs, although HAV does not necessarily share the same risk factors relevant for HBV or HCV transmission. The need for outreach vaccination programs is emphasized for HAV and HBV in the target population. Primary prevention should be implemented before initiation or at early stages of a drug career. Epidemiology and transmission of HAV in IDUs requires further research.

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Viral Hepatitis and Drugs: A Continuing Problem

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Geographic Differences in Temporal Incidence Trends of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among People Who Inject Drugs: The InC3 Collaboration

Geographic Differences in Temporal Incidence Trends of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among People Who Inject Drugs: The InC3 Collaboration

Response to Hepatitis A and B Vaccine Alone or in Combination in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus and Advanced Fibrosis

Multiple viral hepatitis in injection drug users and associated risk factors

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