Trichoderma, a genus with
more than
400 species, has a long history of use as an industrial bioreactor,
biofertilizer, and biocontrol agent. It is considered a significant
source of secondary metabolites (SMs) that possess unique structural
features and a wide range of bioactivities. In recent years, numerous
secondary metabolites of Trichoderma, including terpenoids, polyketides, peptides, alkaloids, and steroids,
have been identified. Most of these SMs displayed antimicrobial, cytotoxic,
and antifungal effects. This review focuses on the structural diversity,
biological activities, and structure–activity relationships
(SARs) of the SMs isolated from Trichoderma covered from 2018 to 2022. This study provides insights into the
exploration and utilization of bioactive compounds from Trichoderma species in the agriculture or pharmaceutical
industry.