Virtual and rapid prototyping methods applied in civil engineering: Snow, wind and earthquake simulations on a five storey building

The human skull and the maxillary bones have a very complicated architecture, determined by the outer walls, by the internal bone structures and their joining. In this paper CAD parametric software has been used to define complex virtual models. First, the mandible and jaw were defined using CT images. These images were imported into a CAD software using specific techniques and methods. These models have been finalized in SolidWorks where the virtual model of the studied system has been generated. Then, the virtual models were exported to a software for FEA simulation and prepared for every dentistry simulations. The structure of the maxillary bones contains spongy bone tissue, cortical bone tissue along with dental tissues. Each of these tissues have certain properties (elasticity, plasticity, density) assessed by flexibility. The analysis of the mechanical tension of the dental structures has been a subject of interest in recent years in order to determine the state of tension in the dental structures and to improve the mechanical strength of these structures. Such numerical techniques can give a better understanding of reactions and interactions of individual tissues. This involves a series of computational procedures to calculate stress in each element. Field variables can be interpolated by using form functions for scientific verification and validation of clinical assumptions. Various loadings have been applied to a personalized skull obtained from CT images using CAD techniques and procedures. On this system, FEM simulations were made and maps of stress, displacements and deformations were obtained that show the mechanical behavior of the maxillary dental system. Finally, important conclusions were highlighted.

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“…1 [7,8]. After running the analysis, different results maps were obtained [11]. Figure 2 shows the stress map obtained for the analized system.…”

Section: Experimental Virtual Simulation Using Finite Element Methods...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulations Using Finite Element Method Made on a Personalized Dental System

Vătu

Vintilă

Popa

et al. 2019

AEF

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“…This structure of forces was also used in [4,8,9]. After running the application, deformation, stress and strain maps [12] are presented in Figure 7.…”

Section: The Analysis Of the Behavior Of Prosthetic Knee Using The Fi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Virtual Model Used to Analyze a Normal and Prosthetic Human Joint

Tenovici

Petrovici

Vaduva

et al. 2019

AEF

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Prosthetic alignment is one of the most important factors, both in terms of the correct functioning of neoarticulation and the survival duration of knee arthroplasty. Significant changes in the alignment of prosthetic components affect the distribution of stress in the knee joint. These changes may also affect the distribution of stresses on the contact surface, soft knee joints, and the subjacent bone remodeling under these forces. The malposition of the components and, in particular, the tibial component in the varus, which in practice is the most common situation alongside the malrotation of the femoral component, leads to the excessive intimal tension of the internal tibial plate by the summing of the additional stresses at this level with its physiological loading from during the unipodal support phase during the walk. Although valuable, all of these studies have no capacity to assess these changes in the kinetics of in vivo knee arthroplasty. Two methods are used for this: telemetry and mathematical models. Traditionally, telemetry has been used to determine the forces acting on the hip, and more recently, on the knee. It values very precisely the value of the axial rotation forces as well as the moments of bending; however, this method is little used, because the necessary equipment is very expensive. Taking this into account, the most used method is the finite element method. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of malpositioning in the valgus and varus of the tibial component on tension developed in polyethylene as well as in the subjacent bone. Obviously, other situations have also been analyzed. In this direction a series of original numerical models of the anatomical elements (tibia, fibula, femur) of the knee were constructed to simulate the biomechanical phenomena occurring in the normal and prosthetic joint during physical activities, in order to evaluate the factors that influence the duration operation of total knee prostheses.

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“…These tomographic images were loaded into InVesalius, a multiuniversity, open-source software that allows tomography to be transformed into .stl geometries. To transform them into virtual solids, these files have been processed in the Geomagic program where various "smoothing" and simplification techniques have been applied [14,15,16]. Finally, these models were loaded into SoliWorks and transformed into virtual solids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three Dimensional Virtual System Used to Analyze the Normal and Prosthetic Joint of the Hip

Vaduva

Petrovici

Tenovici

et al. 2019

AEF

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Treatment of hip pathology has evolved over the last two centuries, ranging from rudimentary surgical procedures to modern hip arthroplasty, with an explosion marked in the last 30 years, considered to be one of the most successful surgeries to date. Hip arthroplasty is a permanent challenge due to the desire to discover the "supreme prosthesis", for which competition is still open. Hip disorders requiring prosthesis show a change in articular morphology. Among the most common medical conditions that have as final therapeutic solution hip arthroplasty are: coxarthrosis, both primary and secondary, followed by traumatic conditions: femoral neck collapse and femoral neck pseudarthrosis, aseptic head necrosis femoral stage III, as well as rheumatic coxitis from rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis or juvenile art. Endoprosthetic arthroplasty can be defined as an intervention of reconstructive surgery with bone sacrifice and prosthetic replacement of the articular components. It is, in the end, an operation aimed at restoring joint mobility and normal functioning of the muscles, ligaments and other periarticular structures that control joint movement. The materials initially used (glass, metal, plastic) did not have the desired bone strength and integration capacity. It followed the development of cemented implants, obtaining different types of cement with better and better quality. Problems arising from cemented arthroplasty (decimation, involving prosthetic revision) have led to a parallel development of the design and materials used for uncured prostheses with the possibility of very good integration of prosthetic material into the bone, raising them to the top of preferences in recent years. Treatment of hip pathology has evolved over the last two centuries, ranging from rudimentary surgical procedures to modern hip arthroplasty, with an explosion marked in the last 30 years, considered to be one of the most successful surgeries to date. The purpose of this study was to obtain the three-dimensional models of the hip joint and the prosthesis for the use of these models for various analyzes and virtual experiments. At the end of the paper important conclusions were drawn based on the results obtained in the simulations using the finite element method.

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Virtual and rapid prototyping methods applied in civil engineering: Snow, wind and earthquake simulations on a five storey building

Abstract: (snow, earthquake, wind). Also, the rapid prototyping method was presented, applied on the scaled building using Prusa Mendel I3 3D printer.

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Simulations Using Finite Element Method Made on a Personalized Dental System

Simulations Using Finite Element Method Made on a Personalized Dental System

Three-Dimensional Virtual Model Used to Analyze a Normal and Prosthetic Human Joint

A Three Dimensional Virtual System Used to Analyze the Normal and Prosthetic Joint of the Hip

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