Virtual prey with Lévy motion are preferentially attacked by predatory fish

Ioannou, Christos C.; Carvalho, Luis Arrochela Braga; Budleigh, Chessy; Ruxton, Graeme D.

doi:10.1093/beheco/arad039

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For other, non-bioluminescent fish species it has been suggested that a rapid change of movement direction increases survival during predator attacks. For example, virtual prey with straight swimming trajectories (Lévy motion) were targeted more frequently by predators [54]. In addition, several other defensive functions of bioluminescence e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between bioluminescent blinks and swimming behavior in the splitfin flashlight fishAnomalops katoptron

Jägers,

Frischmuth,

Herlitze

2024

Preprint

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The light organs of the splitfin flashlight fishAnomalops katoptronare necessary for schooling behavior, to determine nearest neighbor distance, and to feed on zooplankton under dim light conditions. Each behavior is coupled to context-dependent blink frequencies and can be regulated via mechanical occlusion of light organs. During shoaling in the laboratory individuals show moderate blink frequencies around 100 blinks per minute. In this study, we correlated bioluminescent blinks with the spatio-temporal dynamics of swimming profiles in three dimensions, using a stereoscopic, infrared camera system. Groups of flashlight fish showed intermediate levels of polarization and distances to the group centroid. Individuals showed higher swimming speeds and curved swimming profiles during light organ occlusion. The largest changes in swimming direction occurred when darkening the light organs. BeforeA. katoptronexposed light organs again, they adapted a nearly straight movement direction. Light organs create a strong contrast against the background. Therefore, a close combination of light signals and movement is crucial to the behavior ofA. katoptron.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between bioluminescent blinks and swimming behavior in the splitfin flashlight fishAnomalops katoptron

Jägers,

Frischmuth,

Herlitze

2024

Preprint

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show abstract

“…For other, non-bioluminescent fish species it has been suggested that a rapid change of movement direction increases survival during predator attacks. For example, virtual prey with straight swimming trajectories (Lévy motion) were targeted more frequently by predators [ 45 ]. In addition, several other defensive functions of bioluminescence e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between bioluminescent blinks and swimming behavior in the splitfin flashlight fish Anomalops katoptron

Jägers,

Frischmuth,

Herlitze

2024

BMC Ecol Evo

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Background The light organs of the splitfin flashlight fish Anomalops katoptron are necessary for schooling behavior, to determine nearest neighbor distance, and to feed on zooplankton under dim light conditions. Each behavior is coupled to context-dependent blink frequencies and can be regulated via mechanical occlusion of light organs. During shoaling in the laboratory individuals show moderate blink frequencies around 100 blinks per minute. In this study, we correlated bioluminescent blinks with the spatio-temporal dynamics of swimming profiles in three dimensions, using a stereoscopic, infrared camera system. Results Groups of flashlight fish showed intermediate levels of polarization and distances to the group centroid. Individuals showed higher swimming speeds and curved swimming profiles during light organ occlusion. The largest changes in swimming direction occurred when darkening the light organs. Before A. katoptron exposed light organs again, they adapted a nearly straight movement direction. Conclusions We conclude that a change in movement direction coupled to light organ occlusion in A. katoptron is an important behavioral trait in shoaling of flashlight fish.

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Virtual prey with Lévy motion are preferentially attacked by predatory fish

et al. 2023

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Of widespread interest in animal behavior and ecology is how animals search their environment for resources, and whether these search strategies are optimal. However, movement also affects predation risk through effects on encounter rates, the conspicuousness of prey, and the success of attacks. Here, we use predatory fish attacking a simulation of virtual prey to test whether predation risk is associated with movement behavior. Despite often being demonstrated to be a more efficient strategy for finding resources such as food, we find that prey displaying Lévy motion are twice as likely to be targeted by predators than prey utilizing Brownian motion. This can be explained by the predators, at the moment of the attack, preferentially targeting prey that were moving with straighter trajectories rather than prey that were turning more. Our results emphasize that costs of predation risk need to be considered alongside the foraging benefits when comparing different movement strategies.

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Virtual prey with Lévy motion are preferentially attacked by predatory fish

Cited by 4 publications

References 37 publications

Correlation between bioluminescent blinks and swimming behavior in the splitfin flashlight fishAnomalops katoptron

Correlation between bioluminescent blinks and swimming behavior in the splitfin flashlight fishAnomalops katoptron

Correlation between bioluminescent blinks and swimming behavior in the splitfin flashlight fish Anomalops katoptron

Virtual prey with Lévy motion are preferentially attacked by predatory fish

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