Virtual reality and non-invasive brain stimulation in stroke: How effective is their combination for upper limb motor improvement?

Subramanian, Sandeep; Prasanna, Shreya S.

doi:10.1109/icvr.2017.8007539

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…non‐, semi‐ or fully immersive). Recent studies have shown that more immersive VR systems are more beneficial for training, compared with less immersive systems (Menin et al., 2018; Tieri et al, 2018). However, the issue of whether the level of immersion is correlated with improvement in gait function remains to be established.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual reality for limb motor function, balance, gait, cognition and daily function of stroke patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

Journal of Advanced Nursing

107

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Aims To explore the beneficial effects of virtual reality (VR) interventions on upper‐ and lower‐limb motor function, balance, gait, cognition and daily function outcomes in stroke patients. Design A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. Data Sources English databases (PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses) and Chinese databases (Chinese BioMedical Literature Service System, WANFANG, CNKI) and the Clinical Trial Registry Platform were systematically searched from inception until December 2019. Additionally, reference lists of the included studies were manually searched. Review Methods The methodological quality of studies was scored with the Cochrane ‘risk‐of‐bias tool’ and PEDro scale from the Physiotherapy Evidence Database by two independent evaluators. Results In total, 87 studies with 3540 participants were included. Stroke patients receiving VR interventions showed significant improvements in Fugl‐Meyer assessment of Upper Extremity, Action Research Arm Test, Wolf Motor Function Test, Fugl‐Meyer Assessment of Lower Extremity, Functional Ambulation Classification, Berg Balance Scale, Time Up and Go, Velocity, Cadence, Modified Barthel Index and Functional Independence Measure. However, differences between VR intervention and traditional rehabilitation groups were not significant for Box‐Block Test, 10 m Walk Test, Auditory Continuous Performance Test, Mini‐Mental State Examination and Visual Continuous Performance Test. Conclusion This review suggests that VR interventions effectively improve upper‐ and lower‐limb motor function, balance, gait and daily function of stroke patients, but have no benefits on cognition. Impact This review identified the positive effects of VR‐assisted rehabilitation on upper‐ and lower‐limb motor function, balance, gait and daily function of stroke patients. And, we verified the duration of VR intervention affects some health benefits. The benefit of VR on cognitive function requires further investigation through large‐scale multicentre RCTs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual reality for limb motor function, balance, gait, cognition and daily function of stroke patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

Journal of Advanced Nursing

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Indeed, thanks to these virtual scenarios, the central nervous system receives an increased sensory feedback, which is able to produce changes in the synaptic plasticity, to reinforce motor learning. [16]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel use of virtual reality in the treatment of cognitive and motor deficit in spinal cord injury

et al. 2018

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Rationale:Aim of this study is to evaluate the cognitive and motor outcomes after a combined rehabilitative training using a standard cognitive approach and virtual reality (VR), in a patient with spinal cord injury (SCI).Patient's concerns:A 60-year-old right-handed man, affected by incomplete cervical SCI, came to our observation for a moderate tetraparesis, mainly involving the left side, after about 6-months from the acute event. The neurological examination showed imbalance with upper limb incoordination, besides the paresis mainly involving the left side. At a neuropsychological evaluation, he presented important impairment in cognitive and behavioural status, with temporal and spatial disorientation, a reduction of attention and memory process, deficit of executive function and a severe depression of mood, which was not detected during the previous recovery.Diagnosis:Motor and cognitive deficits in SCI.Interventions:The patient was 1st submitted to standard cognitive training and traditional physiotherapy, and then to a combined therapeutic approach, in which virtual reality training was provided by means of the virtual reality rehabilitation system (VRRS, Khymeia, Italy).Outcomes:After the combined therapeutic approach with the VRRS training, we observed a significant improvement in different cognitive domains, a notable reduction of anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as motor performance, and balance improvement.Lessons:Virtual reality can be considered a promising tool for the rehabilitation of different neurological disorders, including patients with both motor and cognitive deficits following SCI.

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“…Therefore, some new approaches, such as TMS and effective cognitive training including VR, could be developed to intervene the decline of metabolic efficiency and neuroplasticity with age. In particular, many studies have shown that the cognitive training in VR could enhance the neuroplasticity of the brain (Johnson et al, 1998 ; Anopas and Wongsawat, 2014 ; Robles-García et al, 2016 ; Teo et al, 2016 ), and help repair damaged brain circuits (Subramanian and Prasanna, 2017 ; Yang et al, 2017 ). In consequence, we postulate that the cognitive training using VR and EEG can intervene effectively and help improve the cognitive functions of the patients in this paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study of Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Patients With Different Cognitive Impairment Phases Based on Virtual Reality and EEG

Dong

Zhou

et al. 2018

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Virtual reality and non-invasive brain stimulation in stroke: How effective is their combination for upper limb motor improvement?

Cited by 4 publications

References 46 publications

Virtual reality for limb motor function, balance, gait, cognition and daily function of stroke patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Virtual reality for limb motor function, balance, gait, cognition and daily function of stroke patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

A novel use of virtual reality in the treatment of cognitive and motor deficit in spinal cord injury

The Study of Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Patients With Different Cognitive Impairment Phases Based on Virtual Reality and EEG

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