Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance of Enterococcus faecalis Clinical Isolates Recovered from Three States of Mexico. Detection of Linezolid Resistance

López-Salas, Perla; Llaca-Díaz, Jorge; Morfín‐Otero, Rayo; Tinoco, Juan Carlos; Noriega, Eduardo Rodríguez; Salcido-Gutierres, Lorena; González, Gloria M.; Mendoza-Olazarán, Soraya; Garza‐González, Elvira

doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2013.07.003

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…47 Linezolid resistance has also been reported in Enterococcus faecium 48 and Enterococcus faecalis. 49 A third consequence of resistance is related to the inability to do other interventions such as surgery, transplantation, and chemotherapy. 50 Investigators of a recent study estimated that, without eff ective antibiotics, 30-40% of patients having total hip replacements would have a postoperative infection, with a case-fatality rate of roughly 30%.…”

Section: The Lancet Infectious Diseases Commissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance—the need for global solutions

Laxminarayan

Dusé

Wattal

et al. 2013

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

3,601

2,602

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The causes of antibiotic resistance are complex and include human behaviour at many levels of society; the consequences aff ect everybody in the world. Similarities with climate change are evident. Many eff orts have been made to describe the many diff erent facets of antibiotic resistance and the interventions needed to meet the challenge. However, coordinated action is largely absent, especially at the political level, both nationally and internationally. Antibiotics paved the way for unprecedented medical and societal developments, and are today indispensible in all health systems. Achievements in modern medicine, such as major surgery, organ transplantation, treatment of preterm babies, and cancer chemotherapy, which we today take for granted, would not be possible without access to eff ective treatment for bacterial infections. Within just a few years, we might be faced with dire setbacks, medically, socially, and economically, unless real and unprecedented global coordinated actions are immediately taken. Here, we describe the global situation of antibiotic resistance, its major causes and consequences, and identify key areas in which action is urgently needed.

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Section: The Lancet Infectious Diseases Commissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance—the need for global solutions

Laxminarayan

Dusé

Wattal

et al. 2013

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

3,601

2,602

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“…In vitro biofilm assays using polystyrene dishes have served as the primary modality for evaluating the biofilm forming ability of bacterial isolates due to their ease of use and ability for high-throughput testing [8], [9], [10], [12]. Such assays are used to draw inferences about the role of biofilms in the pathogenesis of human infections and how best to treat biofilm-related infections [23], [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of in vitro studies of enterococcal biofilms have used a similar assay [8], [9], [10], [11], [12]. This assay offers advantages such as ease of use and high-throughput screening of large numbers of clinical isolates or mutant libraries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Widely Used In Vitro Biofilm Assay Has Questionable Clinical Significance for Enterococcal Endocarditis

2014

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Biofilm formation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of infections caused by Enterococcus faecalis, including endocarditis. Most biofilm studies use a polystyrene dish assay to quantify biofilm biomass. However, recent studies of E. faecalis strains in tissue and animal models suggest that polystyrene dish results need to be interpreted with caution. We evaluated 158 clinical E. faecalis isolates using a polystyrene dish assay and found variation in biofilm formation, with many isolates forming little biofilm even when different types of media were used. However, all tested clinical isolates were able to form biofilms on porcine heart valve explants. Dextrose-enhanced biofilm formation in the polystyrene dish assay was found in 6/12 (50%) of clinical isolates tested and may explain some, but not all of the differences between the polystyrene dish assay and the heart valve assay. These findings suggest that in studies assessing the clinical relevance of enterococcal biofilm-forming ability, ex vivo biofilm formation on a relevant tissue surface may be warranted to validate results of in vitro assays.

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“…Finally, a low responsivity to levofloxacin with persistent infection by Enterococcus faecalis may be explained by specific virulence genes involved in biofilm production (such as particular Ace, Agg and Esp) and bacteriocins, varying isolates with respect to drug resistance (López‐Salas et al ., ), as well as alterations in cell envelope composition such as the enterococcal polysaccharide antigen (epa) locus (Solheim et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of levofloxacin treatment on semen hyperviscosity in chronic bacterial prostatitis patients

et al. 2015

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Changes in seminal fluid viscosity (SFV), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cytokines and seminal leucocyte concentration related to microbiological outcome in patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) were studied. One hundred and ten infertile patients with CBP (positive sperm culture ≥10(5) colony-forming units [CFU] ml(-1), pathogens or Chlamydia in expressed prostatic secretions) were treated with levofloxacin 500 mg daily for 14 consecutive days per month for 3 months. In case of bacterial prostatitis, two conditions were examined: responders, eradication of 0 to <10(3) CFU ml(-1) (n = 78) and poor responders, >10(3) to <10(5) CFU ml(-1) (n = 32). Compared with poor responders, responders showed a significant increase of sperm progressive motility and a significant decrease in seminal leucocyte count, SFV, liquefaction time, ROS production (in all fractions and conditions), seminal tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin 6. None of these variables showed significant differences compared with a control group of 37 fertile men. On the other hand, the poor responders showed significant changes in these variables compared with matched pretreatment values. In patients with CBP, antibiotic therapy alone leads to eradication in ≈71%, with improvement of sperm progressive motility, SFV and the framework of prooxidative factors. However, in the remaining ≈29% with poor antibiotic responsiveness, a deterioration of all variables is observed.

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Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance of Enterococcus faecalis Clinical Isolates Recovered from Three States of Mexico. Detection of Linezolid Resistance

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Antibiotic resistance—the need for global solutions

Antibiotic resistance—the need for global solutions

A Widely Used In Vitro Biofilm Assay Has Questionable Clinical Significance for Enterococcal Endocarditis

Effect of levofloxacin treatment on semen hyperviscosity in chronic bacterial prostatitis patients

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