Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Salmonella Isolated from Chicken Ready Meals and Humans in Egypt

Mubarak, Asmaa Gaber; Mustafa, Mona M.; Abdelazeem, Mohamed; Ali, Dina

doi:10.17582/journal.aavs/2022/10.2.377.388

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…Typhimurium serovars usually carried inv A and stn virulence genes, followed by hil A and pef A genes. These findings nearly agreed with those confirmed by Ramatla et al ( 2020 ) and Mubarak et al ( 2021 ). The inv A gene, the most conserved gene in Salmonella species, encodes for a protein, which initiates the invasion of Salmonella to the host enterocytes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Resistance profiles, virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes of XDR S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium

Algammal,

El-Tarabili,

Abd El-Ghany

et al. 2023

AMB Expr

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Avian salmonellosis is concomitant with high financial crises in the poultry industry as well as food-borne illness in man. The present study is designed to investigate the emergence of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium in diseased broilers, resistance profiles, and monitoring virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. Consequently, 450 samples (cloacal swabs, liver, and spleen) were collected from 150 diseased birds from different farms in Giza Governorate, Egypt. Subsequently, the bacteriological examination was done. Afterward, the obtained Salmonella isolates were tested for serogrouping, antibiogram, PCR monitoring of virulence (invA, stn,hilA, and pefA), and antimicrobial resistance genes (blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaNDM, ermA, sul1, tetA, and aadA1). The total prevalence of Salmonella in the examined diseased broilers was 9.3%, and the highest prevalence was noticed in cloacal swabs. Among the recovered Salmonella isolates (n = 35), 20 serovars were recognized as S. Enteritidis and 15 serovars were identified as S. Typhimurium. Almost 60% of the retrieved S. Enteritidis serovars were extensively drug-resistant (XDR) to seven antimicrobial classes and inherited sul1, blaTEM, tetA,blaCTX-M, ereA, and aadA1 genes. Likewise, 25% of the recovered S. Enteritidis serovars were multidrug-resistant (MDR) to six classes and have sul1, blaTEM, tetA,blaCTX-M, and ereA resistance genes. Also, 66.7% of the retrieved S. Typhimurium serovars were XDR to seven classes and have sul1, blaTEM, tetA,blaCTX-M, ereA, and aadA1 genes. Succinctly, this report underlined the reemergence of XDR S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis in broiler chickens. Meropenem and norfloxacin exposed a hopeful antimicrobial activity toward the re-emerging XDR S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis in broilers. Moreover, the recurrence of these XDR Salmonella strains poses a potential public health threat.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Resistance profiles, virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes of XDR S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium

Algammal,

El-Tarabili,

Abd El-Ghany

et al. 2023

AMB Expr

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Identification of Salmonella enterica biovars Gallinarum and Pullorum and their antibiotic resistance pattern in integrated crop-livestock farms and poultry meats

Julianingsih,

Alvarado-Martinez,

Tabashsum

et al. 2024

Access Microbiology

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Due to consumer demand, many conventional poultry farms are now growing poultry without antibiotics or synthetic chemicals. In addition to this, pasture/organic poultry farms have increased significantly in the USA, and they are also antibiotic- and chemical-free. According to recent reports, both antibiotic-free conventional and pasture poultry farmers are facing the re-emergence of bacterial diseases. Bacterial diseases cause higher mortality rates in birds and lead to non-profitable poultry farming. This study investigated the prevalence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum biovars Gallinarum (S. Gallinarum), the causative agent of fowl typhoid, and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum biovars Pullorum (S. Pullorum), the causative agent of pullorum disease, within integrated crop-livestock/pasture farm environments and their processed products. Specifically, the study focused on both the pre-harvest period, which includes the conditions and practices on the farm before the crops and livestock are harvested, and the post-harvest period, which encompasses the handling, processing, and storage of the products after harvest. A total of 1286 samples were collected from six farms and adjacent 13 markets to determine the prevalence of S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum by using both microbiological culture and molecular techniques, specifically PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the agar dilution method for the recommended antibiotics as described in the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). S. Pullorum was detected in 11 samples (2.7%), while S. Gallinarum was found in six samples (1.5%) out of a total of 403 samples at the pre-harvest level. At the post-harvest level, only S. Gallinarum was identified in 14 meat samples out of 883(1.6%) recovered from samples collected from retail markets. Antibiogram showed S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum to be highly resistant to cephradine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin, streptomycin, and ampicillin. This data demonstrates that both S. Pullorum and S. Gallinarum are commonly present in farm poultry environments as well as the products sold in the markets, which warrants implementation of regular surveillance and monitoring programmes, as well as potentially requiring future control strategies to reduce S. Pullorum and S. Gallinarum transmission.

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Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Salmonella Isolated from Chicken Ready Meals and Humans in Egypt

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

Resistance profiles, virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes of XDR S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium

Resistance profiles, virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes of XDR S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium

Identification of Salmonella enterica biovars Gallinarum and Pullorum and their antibiotic resistance pattern in integrated crop-livestock farms and poultry meats

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