Virulence and antifungal susceptibility of microsatellite genotypes of Candida albicans from superficial and deep locations

Abstract

A set of 185 strains of Candida albicans from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and from non‐VVC clinical sources in southwest China was analysed. Strains were subjected to genotyping using CAI microsatellite typing and amplification of an intron‐containing region of the 25S rRNA gene. Microsatellite genotypes of strains from non‐VVC sources showed high polymorphism, whereas those of VVC were dominated by few, closely similar genotypes. However, among non‐VVC strains, two genotypes were particularly prevalent in patients with lung cancer. 25S rDNA genotype A was dominant in VVC sources (86.7%), whereas genotypes A, B, and C were rather evenly distributed among non‐VVC sources; known genotypes D and E were not found. In an experimental mouse model, isolates from lung cancer and AIDS patients proved to have higher virulence than VVC strains. Among 156 mice infected with C. albicans, 19 developed non‐invasive urothelial carcinoma. No correlation could be established between parameters of virulence, source of infection, and incidence of carcinoma. C. albicans strains from VVC were less susceptible to itraconazole than the strains from non‐VVC sources, whereas there was small difference in antifungal susceptibility between different 25S rDNA genotypes of C. albicans tested against amphotericin B, itraconazole, fluconazole, and flucytosine.

Molecular genotyping of Candidaalbicans isolated from different sites may trace the etiological infection routes: Observation in China

“…In this study, we tested 238 C. albicans isolates (120 blood, 60 oral, 28 body fluid and 29 superficial isolates) and obtained 73 CAI genotypes (49 CAI genotypes in blood, 25 in oral, 19 in body fluids and 18 in superficial isolates). Unlike C. albicans obtained from women with vulvovaginal candidiasis in China, the strains in this study from extragenital sites showed higher diversity 26,36 . The most common genotype was not representative of most strains.…”

“…Unlike C. albicans obtained from women with vulvovaginal candidiasis in China, the strains in this study from extragenital sites showed higher diversity. 26,36 The most common genotype was not representative of most strains. Interestingly, TA B L E 2 CAI groups and in vitro antifungal susceptibility strains from different sites in this study shared identical or at least very similar CAI genotypes, which is consistent with the theory that invasive candidiasis originates from the endogenous microbiota.…”

“…Polymorphisms in CAI alleles are due to changes in trinucleotide repeat unit (CAA/G) n numbers. Several studies have reported that C. albicans CAI genotype is associated with phenotypic switching and antifungal resistance 24–26 . Meanwhile, MLST refers to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in multiple loci sequencing.…”

Candida albicans Multilocus Sequence Typing Clade I Contributes to the Clinical Phenotype of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Patients

“…The genotype distribution of C. albicans strains has been associated with different clinical conditions of VVC (4,5). The genotypic differences of C. albicans strains retrieved from VVC patients and healthy women reveal that VVC-linked strains possess specific genotypes (6). Hence, studying the genotypes of different subspecies of C. albicans strains will contribute to understanding their pathogenic mechanisms, which is important for increasing the recovery rate and controlling the infection rate.…”