Virulence and antimicrobial resistance profile of non-typhoidalSalmonella entericaserovars recovered from poultry processing environments at wet markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract

The rapid emergence of virulent and multidrug-resistant (MDR) non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) enterica serovars are a growing public health concern globally. The present study focused on the assessment of the pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiling of NTS enterica serovars isolated from chicken processing environments at wet markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total number of 870 samples consisting of carcass dressing water (CDW), chopping board swabs (CBS), and knife swabs (KS) were collected from 29 wet markets. The prevalence of Salmonella was found to be 20% in CDW, 19.31% in CBS and 17.58% in KS, respectively. Meanwhile, the MDR Salmonella was found to be 72.41%, 73.21% and 68.62% in CDW, CBS, and KS, respectively. All isolates were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for eight virulence genes, namely invA, agfA, IpfA, hilA, sivH, sefA, sopE, and spvC. The S. Enteritidis and untyped Salmonella isolate harbored all virulence genes while S. Typhimurium isolates carried six virulence genes except sefA and spvC. Phenotypic resistance revealed decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, ampicillin, tetracycline, gentamycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and azithromycin. Genotypic resistance showed higher prevalence of plasmid mediated blaTEM followed by tetA, sul1, sul2, sul3, and strA/B genes. Harmonic and symmetrical trend was observed among the phenotypic and genotypic resistance patterns of the isolates. The research findings anticipate that MDR and virulent NTS enterica serovars are prevailing in the wet market environments which can easily enter into the human food chain. There was a resilient and significant correlation existent among the phenotypic and genotypic resistance patterns and virulence genes of Salmonella isolate recovered from carcass dressing water, chopping board swabs, and knife swabs (p < 0.05), respectively.

Comprehensive profiling of serotypes, antimicrobial resistance and virulence of Salmonella isolates from food animals in China, 2015–2021

“…The results suggested that the isolates regularly harboring most of virulence genes selected in this study with a detection rate of over 80%. This is in agreement with the findings in previous studies (Hai et al, 2020;Borah et al, 2022;Siddiky et al, 2022). By contrast, 6 virulence genes (pipA, sipB, sodC, spvB and spvC) were detected at lower presence.…”

Multidrug-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella of public health significance recovered from migratory birds in Bangladesh

“…Similarly, interaction with livestock and farm premises provides opportunities for exposure of wild birds to Salmonella. Inadequate farm biosecurity and inappropriate antimicrobial use, as has been reported for poultry farms in Bangladesh (Imam et al, 2021;Siddiky et al, 2022), heightens the risk of multidrug-resistant Salmonella becoming introduced and established on farms. A further concern is that the long migratory routes of the birds present a risk for the dissemination of Salmonella between countries, as has been observed for highly pathogenic avian influenza (Gilbert et al, 2010;Bi et al, 2015).…”