Virulence-Associated Genes and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> Isolates from Animal, Food, and Human Sources in Brazil

Roges, Emily Moraes; Gonçalves, Verônica Dias; Cardoso, Maíra Duarte; Festivo, Márcia Lima; Siciliano, Salvatore; Berto, Lucia Helena; Pereira, Virginia Léo de Almeida; Rodrigues, Dália dos Prazeres; Aquino, Maria Helena Cosendey de

doi:10.1155/2020/1052607

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Similar results were obtained by Oliviera et al (50) as they found no statistically significant relationship between the presence of virulence factors and mortality in Nile tilapia infected by A. hydrophila. Such absence of correlation between virulence factors and pathogenicity has also been reported by many other researchers (51,52). However, several authors observed that the presence of specific virulence factors in aeromonads is closely related to mortality in injected fishes (9,53).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Detection of Virulence-Associated Genes and in vitro Gene Transfer From Aeromonas sp. Isolated From Aquatic Environments of Sub-himalayan West Bengal

Mangar

Barman²,

Kumar³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Aeromonas is omnipresent in aquatic environments and cause disease within a wide host range. A total of thirty-four isolates from water samples of small fish farms were identified as Aeromonas based on biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence. A total of six virulent factors were analyzed which indicated 100% of isolates as beta-haemolytic and proteolytic, whereas 44.1, 38.2, and 70.6% of isolates produced DNAse, siderophore, and amylase, respectively. Studies on the occurrence of four genetic determinants of virulence factors revealed that aer/haem (haemolytic toxin) and flaA (polar flagella) genes were present in 44.1% of strains whereas ascV (type 3 secretion system) and aspA (serine protease) genes were detected in 21.5 and 8.82% of strains, respectively. Fish (Anabas testudineus) challenge studies showed that the isolate GP3 (Aeromonas veronii) bearing five virulent factors with the combination of aer/haem+/ascV+/fla+ genes induced severe lesions leading to 100% of mortality. In contrast, RB7 possessing four virulence factors and three genes (aer/haem+/ascV+/aspA+) could not produce severe lesions and any mortality indicating the absence of correlation between the virulence factors, its genes, and the pathogenicity in fishes. GP3 was cytotoxic to human liver cell line (WRL-68) in trypan blue dye exclusion assay. The 431 bp aer/haem gene of GP3 was transferable to E. coli Dh5α with a conjugational efficiency of 0.394 × 10–4 transconjugants per recipient cell. The transfer was confirmed by PCR and by the presence of 23-kb plasmids in both donor and transconjugants. Therefore, the occurrence of mobile genetic elements bearing virulence-associated genes in Aeromonas indicates the need for periodic monitoring of the aquatic habitat to prevent disease outbreaks.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Detection of Virulence-Associated Genes and in vitro Gene Transfer From Aeromonas sp. Isolated From Aquatic Environments of Sub-himalayan West Bengal

Mangar

Barman²,

Kumar³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Hemolytic toxins include: aerolysin-related cytotoxic enterotoxin ( act ), heat-labile cytotonic enterotoxin ( alt) , heat-stable cytotonic toxins ( ast) , hemolysin ( hlyA ) and aerolysin ( aerA ). In addition, the type III secretion system ( TTSS ), polar flagellum ( fla ), lateral flagella ( laf ), elastase ( ela ), and lipase ( lip ) contribute to the pathogenicity of Aeromonas [ 12 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Aeromonas spp. Infection in Pediatric Patients Hospitalized with Gastroenteritis in Latvia between 2020 and 2021

et al. 2022

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Purpose: Aeromonas species are emerging human enteric pathogens. However, there is no systematic analysis of Aeromonas infection in the pediatric population in Latvia. The aim of the study was to describe potential sources, prevalence of infection, associated virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas spp. isolated from fecal samples. Methods: Stool samples (n = 1360) were obtained from the Children’s Clinical University Hospital between 2020 and 2021. The target population was pediatric patients, 0 to 18 years of age, with a preliminary diagnosis of gastroenteritis. Identification was performed by Maldi-TOF, antimicrobial resistance by Vitek2 and 9 virulence factors by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Aeromonas spp. were isolated in 50 stool samples; positive findings made up 3.6% of all study cases and included four species: A. hydrophila, A. caviae, A. veronii, and A. eucrenophila. In 42% of the samples, Aeromonas spp. appeared alongside the other significant pathogens: Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Typhimurium, Yersinia enterocolitica, norovirus, adenovirus, and rotavirus. The study population positive for Aeromonas spp. infection contained 28 male (56%) and 22 female (44%) patients; median age was 4.56 years. The most common symptoms were: diarrhea, blood in stool, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. Aside from expected natural resistance, no significant antibacterial resistance was detected. The presence of multiple virulence genes was noticed in all isolates. No statistically significant correlation was found between the virulence patterns, bacterial species, and the intensity of clinical symptoms. Discussion: According to the clinical data and the results of this study Aeromonas spp. has an important role in pediatric practice and requires appropriate attention and monitoring.

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“…(Sen and Rodgers, 2004) revealed the presence of 6 virulence factor genes in Aeromonas spp., elastase (ahyB), lipase (pla/lip/lipH3/ alp-1) flagella A and B (flaA and flaB), the enterotoxins, act, alt and ast, using PCR and out of 205 isolates, only one isolate including all these virulence genes. However, results by (Roges et al, 2020) indicated that among different sources of A. hydrophila isolates, at least 92.7% presented one of the virulence factor genes and the most variation was identified in human isolates than in food sources and animals. Some extracellular virulence factor genes associated with Aeromonas have been well described including exotoxins, cytotoxins, cytotonic toxins, dermonecrotic toxins, leucocidins, cytolytic proteins, hemolysins which confer the ability to bind to and destroy epithelial cells, to explain the process of pathogenically of these organisms (Hatha et al, 2005;Matyar et al, 2010).…”

Section: Fig 2 Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Photo Shows Pcr Product Of...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Antibiotic resistance profile and virulence factor genes of Aeromonas sobria isolated from AL-Hillah River in Babel (Iraq)

Alwan

Lilo

Mohsen

2022

JANS

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Although Aeromonas are common in aquatic habitats and have been marked as an arising risk to human health, some information dealing with antibiotic resistance profiles and virulence factor genes involved in pathogenicity are understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance profile for aquatic A. sobria and to identify the virulence factor genes. Aeromonas sobria isolates were collected from AL-Hillah River in Babel near the hospital swage water from January until May 2021. VITEK 2 system was used to diagnose isolates of the anaerobic G-ve A. Sobria bacteria, which were then confirmed by PCR for 16S RNA. Eight different groups of antibiotics were examined in A. sobria isolates using the disk diffusion method on a Mueller-Hinton agar. Genes encoding for virulence factor genes (act, ast, ela, alt, lip, asa, hly, and aer) were detected using conventional PCR. The isolates showed resistance to β-lactam drugs, while they were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin and presented susceptibility to the gentamycin at rate 57%. Gel electrophoresis results of PCR products variably displayed clear bands for virulence factor genes (act, ast, ela, alt, lip, and asa), previously reported to be associated with some diseases. This is the first study in provinces of middle Iraqi dealing with aquatic A. sobria that evaluated the antibiotic sensitivity and investigated the virulence factor genes, including cytotoxic enterotoxins and enzymes. Virulence factor genes detection and 16S RNA gene for species identification were achieved by designing specific primers in the present study.

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Virulence-Associated Genes and Antimicrobial Resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila Isolates from Animal, Food, and Human Sources in Brazil

Cited by 26 publications

References 45 publications

Detection of Virulence-Associated Genes and in vitro Gene Transfer From Aeromonas sp. Isolated From Aquatic Environments of Sub-himalayan West Bengal

Detection of Virulence-Associated Genes and in vitro Gene Transfer From Aeromonas sp. Isolated From Aquatic Environments of Sub-himalayan West Bengal

Prevalence of Aeromonas spp. Infection in Pediatric Patients Hospitalized with Gastroenteritis in Latvia between 2020 and 2021

Antibiotic resistance profile and virulence factor genes of Aeromonas sobria isolated from AL-Hillah River in Babel (Iraq)

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