Virus infections reduce in vitro multiplication of ‘Malling Landmark’ raspberry

Abstract

Virus-infected plants are often symptomless and may be inadvertently used as explant sources in tissue culture research. Our objective was to determine the effect of virus infection on micropropagation. We studied the effects of single and multiple infections of three common raspberry viruses on the in vitro culture of 'Malling Landmark' red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.). Virus-infected raspberry plants were produced by leaf-graft inoculation from known-infected plants onto virus-free 'Malling Landmark'. Single-virus source plants were infected with either tobacco streak ilarvirus (TSV), tomato ringspot nepovirus (TomRSV), or raspberry bushy dwarf idaeovirus (RBDV) and were free of other viruses as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and bioassay. Virus-free, single, and multiple virus-infected 'Malling Landmark' explants were initiated into culture and multiplied on Anderson's medium with 8.9 mM N 6 -benzyladenine (BA). At the end of the multiplication tests, ELISA reconfirmed virus infections. In vitro multiplication of 'Malling Landmark' was significantly reduced by multiple infections, and multiplication of plants infected with all three viruses (RBDV + TomRSV + TSV) was less than half that of virus-free cultures. Shoot height and morphology of in vitro cultures were not influenced by virus infection. The greenhouse stock plant with the three-virus infection was stunted and yellow compared to the control and the other infected plants.

Development, histological observations and Grapevine leafroll‐associated virus‐3 localisation in in vitro grapevine micrografts

“…(, ) also found GRLaV‐3 reduced root formation in the virus‐infected in vitro shoots. A number of examples of reduced vegetative growth and rooting can be found in other virus–host combinations such as Asparagus officinalis infected by Asparagus virus I (AV‐I, De Vries‐Paterson et al ., ), Rubus idaeus infected by tobacco streak virus (TSV) or raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) or tomato ringspot virus (TomRSV) (Tsao et al ., ), Citrus infected by Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) (Wang et al ., ), Musa infected by banana bunchy top virus (BBTV, Haq et al ., ) and potato leafroll virus or potato virus Y (Li et al ., ). All of these studies support ours.…”

Rapid shoot regeneration in industrial ‘high starch’ sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) genotypes

“…In vitro plantlets corresponding to scions whose indicator plants were asymptomatic were used in subsequent regeneration studies. The primary reason for using virus-free material in our studies was to have a well-defined starting material, and to minimize variability in the regeneration response that could arise from viral-induced stress or effects on development (Tsao et al 2000).…”

GreenTray® TIS bioreactor as an effective in vitro culture system for the micropropagation of Prunus spp. rootstocks and analysis of the plant-PGPMs interactions

“…In this regard, endophytes have been defined as non-pathogenic bacterial strains with the ability to colonise plant tissue through the natural openings available on plant surface (Cassells and Tahmatsidou, 1997). Although not pathogenic, microorganisms in in vitro cultures may alter the behavior of tissues, negatively affecting propagation, growth and development (Cassells, 2012;Leifert and Cassells, 2001;Tsao et al, 2000). Some authors proposed the addition of antimicrobial compounds to the culture medium as strategy to eliminate endophytes and thereby obtain clean plant in vitro cultures (Khan et al, 2018;Lotfi et al, 2020;Shehata et al, 2010).…”