Virus Risk Analysis in Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse

Asano, Takashi; Sakaji, Richard H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-76093-8_32

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The observed results are similar to those obtained by Haas et al (1999) and Shuval et al (1997) for treated and disinfected wastewater for irrigation, but they are 10 times lower than the results obtained by Asano et al (1990) using the same type of wastewater. Moreover, they agree with the probabilistic models, particularly with BETA-POISSON model, applied to field scale.…”

Section: Type Of Watersupporting

confidence: 85%

Municipal Treated Wastewater Irrigation: Microbiological Risk Evaluation

Rubino¹,

Lonigro²

2008

Italian Journal of Agronomy

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Municipal wastewater for irrigation, though treated, can contain substances and pathogens toxic for humans and animals. Pathogens, although not harmful from an agronomical aspect, undoubtedly represent a major concern with regards to sanitary and hygienic profile. In fact, vegetable crops irrigated with treated wastewater exalt the risk of infection since these products can also be eaten raw, as well as transformed or cooked. Practically, the evaluation of the microbiological risk is important to verify if the microbial limits imposed by law for treated municipal wastewater for irrigation, are valid, thus justifying the treatments costs, or if they are too low and, therefore, they don' t justify them. Different probabilistic models have been studied to assess the microbiological risk; among these, the Beta-Poisson model resulted the most reliable. Thus, the Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali of the University of Bari, which has been carrying out researches on irrigation with municipal filtered wastewater for several years, considered interesting to verify if the microbial limits imposed by the italian law n.185/03 are too severe, estimating the biological risk by the probabilistic Beta-Poisson model. Results of field trials on vegetable crops irrigated by municipal filtered wastewater, processed by the Beta-Poisson model, show that the probability to get infection and/or illness is extremely low, and that the actual italian microbial limits are excessively restrictive.

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Section: Type Of Watersupporting

confidence: 85%

Municipal Treated Wastewater Irrigation: Microbiological Risk Evaluation

Rubino¹,

Lonigro²

2008

Italian Journal of Agronomy

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“…For purposes of our assessment, we chose rotavirus and Ascaris lumbricoides as the model organisms. Rotavirus is a major cause of gastroenteritis (Parashar et al 2003;Anderson & Weber 2004;Chandran et al 2006) and has been widely used as a representative organism for enteric viruses in QMRAs of wastewater reuse (Asano & Sakaji 1990;Asano et al 1992;Shuval et al 1997;Hamilton et al 2006). It has also been identified as a major diarrhoeal pathogen in Ghana, accounting for 20% of all diarrhoea cases especially among children (Armah et al 1995).…”

Section: Choice Of Pathogens and Justificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of the health risk associated with wastewater reuse in Accra, Ghana: a contribution toward local guidelines

Seidu

Heistad

Amoah

et al. 2008

Journal of Water and Health

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“…The fate of pathogens in the environment is usually represented by first-order rate die-off kinetics (Equation (3)). A decay constant k (d 21 ) in the range of 0.65-0.73 d 21 is often used for viruses (Asano & Sakaji 1990;Shuval et al 1997;Tanaka et al 1998):…”

Section: Pathogens Die-off After Last Effluent Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing health risks during secondary effluent application via subsurface drip irrigation

Oron¹,

Gillerman

Lael

et al. 2010

Water Science and Technology

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Health risks posed on consumers due to the use of agricultural products irrigated with reclaimed wastewater were assessed by numerical simulation. The analysis is based on defining of an Exposure Model (EM) which takes into account several parameters: (i) the quality of the applied wastewater, (ii) the irrigation method, (iii) the elapsed times between irrigation, harvest, and product consumption, and; (iv) the consumers' habits. The exposure model is used for numerical simulation of human consumers' risks by running the Monte Carlo simulation method. Although some deviations in the numerical simulation which are probably due to uncertainty (impreciseness in quality of input data) and variability due to diversity among populations reasonable results were accepted. Accordingly, there is a several orders of magnitude difference in the risk of infection between the different exposure scenarios with the same water quality. The variability indicates the need for setting risk-based criteria for wastewater reclamation, including the application method and environmental conditions, rather than single water quality guidelines. Extra data is required to decrease uncertainty in the risk assessment. Future research needs to include definite acceptable risk criteria, more accurate dose-response modeling, information regarding pathogen survival in treated wastewater, additional data related to the passage of pathogens into and in the plants during irrigation, and information referring to the consuming habits of the human community.

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Virus Risk Analysis in Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse

Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

Municipal Treated Wastewater Irrigation: Microbiological Risk Evaluation

Municipal Treated Wastewater Irrigation: Microbiological Risk Evaluation

Quantification of the health risk associated with wastewater reuse in Accra, Ghana: a contribution toward local guidelines

Minimizing health risks during secondary effluent application via subsurface drip irrigation

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