Visible-absorption spectroscopy as a biomarker to predict treatment response and prognosis of surgically resected esophageal cancer

Abstract

The application of optical absorption spectra in prognostic prediction has hardly been investigated. We developed and evaluated a novel two dimensional absorption spectrum measurement system (TDAS) for use in early diagnosis, evaluating response to chemoradiation, and making prognostic prediction. The absorption spectra of 120 sets of normal and tumor tissues from esophageal cancer patients were analyzed with TDAS ex-vivo. We demonstrated the cancerous tissue, the tissue from patients with a poor concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) response, and the tissue from patients with an early disease progression each had a readily identifiable common spectral signature. Principal component analysis (PCA) classified tissue spectra into distinct groups, demonstrating the feasibility of using absorption spectra in differentiating normal and tumor tissues, and in predicting CCRT response, poor survival and tumor recurrence (efficiencies of 75%, 100% and 85.7% respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that patients identified as having poor-response, poor-survival and recurrence spectral signatures were correlated with increased risk of poor response to CCRT (P = 0.012), increased risk of death (P = 0.111) and increased risk of recurrence (P = 0.030) respectively. Our findings suggest that optical absorption microscopy has great potential to be a useful tool for pre-operative diagnosis and prognostic prediction of esophageal cancer.

Irradiation-free photodynamic therapy in vivo induced by enhanced deep red afterglow within NIR-I bio-window

“…With the advent of nanotechnology, it is nowadays possible to acquire autofluorescence-free biosensing/bioimaging for theranostics using engineering related to persistent luminescent nanoparticles, which emission wavelength falls in the so called NIR first biological window (650-950 nm, NIR-I bio-window [26][27][28][29]) after stopping external light excitation [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. For example, a renewable deep red bioimaging was realized using ZnGa 2 O 4 :Cr (ZGO:Cr) DRPLNPs after 254 nm irradiation (6 W) followed by a 650 nm re-excitation (~5000 lm) because of the absorption band edge related to the 4 A 2 → 4 T 2 transition of Cr 3+ , i.e.…”

Genetic polymorphisms of ATG5 predict survival and recurrence in patients with early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

“…Therefore, ATG5 might participate in autophagy and promote esophageal cell transformation mediated by EGFR-Ras signaling. Moreover, ATG5 might also be induced by hypoxia, a cellular stress known to induce autophagy [ 38 ], since HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha) was found to express in ESCC cells [ 39 – 40 ].…”

Hydrogel gratings with patterned analyte responsive dyes for spectroscopic sensing

“…The expected pitch (L exp ) of hydrogel gratings obtained by exposure to the laser IL set-up with a FB is given by eqn (1) where the relationship between a and beam crossing angle (b) is given by eqn (2). n FB is refractive index of FB and l IL is the wavelength of the laser used in the IL set-up i.e., 375 nm.…”

“…Spectroscopic sensing is ubiquitous for clinical diagnostics 1,2 and environmental monitoring. 3,4 The principle of spectroscopic sensing is to measure analytes by recording their optical transmission or reection versus wavelength.…”