Carbon dioxide (CO2), as the main components of greenhouse gases, is one of the most abundant carbon sources at present. In organic chemistry, CO2 is often used as C1 synthon to synthesize carboxylic acids by constructing C-C bond. Transition metal catalysis has developed as a powerful tool for the conversion and utilization of CO2. In order to achieve the strategic goal of "double carbon", it is of great significance to develop green and sustainable CO2 conversion and utilization technology combined with contemporary hot topics in the field of organic chemistry. In recent years, the development of photocatalytic synthesis technology provied a new opportunity for the conversion and utilization of CO2. The bond breaking of C-H bond, C-O bond, C-N and C-X bond and carboxylation reactions with CO2 by photocatalysis strategy were systematically described.