Visible Light Mediated Photopolymerization in Single Crystals: Photomechanical Bending and Thermomechanical Unbending

Samanta, Ranita; Ghosh, Subhrokoli; Devarapalli, Ramesh; Reddy, C. Malla

doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b04756

Cited by 76 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Further, cis – trans isomerization of azo compounds was shown to result in molecular movements in their crystals . Recently, Reddy and co‐workers have shown the photopolymerization reaction in the single crystals of diindene derivatives, resulting in the appreciable bending of single crystals . However, to date there is no example in which the bending of the crystals occurs through the [2+2] photopolymerization of olefins.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The crystal of 2 shows an average roughness of around 50–150 nm, which has been significantly increased up to 750–2500 nm after irradiation for 2P (Figure e and f). The increase in the average roughness of 2P indicates a considerable movement of molecules to accompany the polymerization process …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[16][17][18][19] Recently,R eddy and co-workersh ave shown the photopolymerizationr eaction in the single crystals of diindene derivatives, resulting in the appreciable bending of single crystals. [20] However,t od ate there is no example in which the bending of the crystals occurs through the [2+ +2] photopolymerization of olefins.T o date only two examples of organic crystals were shown to photopolymerize through a[ 2 + +2] reactioni ns ingle-crystal-tosingle-crystal fashion. [21][22][23] Zhang's research group recently explored the bending behaviour of single crystalso fa1,2-bis(4pyridyl)ethylene-based pyridiniums alt induced by ap hotochemical[ 2 + +2] photodimerization reaction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increasei nt he average roughnesso f2P indicates ac onsiderable movement of molecules to accompany the polymerization process. [13,20,22] Further,s olid-state luminescence studies have been carried out in order to observe their differences in emission properties in the solid state. The emission profile of 2 exhibits amaximum at 404 nm, whereas 2P exhibits an emission maximum at 500 nm (Figure 7), with the excitation wavelength of 350 nm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Photoinduced Bending of Single Crystals of a Linear Bis‐Olefin via Water‐Templated Solid‐State [2+2] Photopolymerization Reaction

Mandal

Garai

Peli

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

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The single crystals of two structural isomers of bis‐olefinic molecules were shown to have contrasting properties in terms of their photoreactivity: one exhibits an excellent ability to form polymers, accompanied with bending of crystals upon irradiation, while the other is photostable. The photoreactive crystal is a first example in which [2+2] polymerization leads to bending of the crystals, with implications for the design of photoactuators. The hydrate formation ability of one of these molecular isomers promotes the solid‐state reactivity in its crystal, as the H2O molecules act as a template to bring the olefin molecules into the required arrangement for [2+2] polymerization. Further, the crystals of the polymer exhibited better flexibility and smoothed surfaces compared to those of the monomers. In addition, under UV‐light the diene emits bluish violet light while the polymer emits green light, indicating that the luminescence property can be tuned through photoirradiation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoinduced Bending of Single Crystals of a Linear Bis‐Olefin via Water‐Templated Solid‐State [2+2] Photopolymerization Reaction

Mandal

Garai

Peli

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

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“…Various photomechanical materials, such as polymers, elastomers, liquid‐crystalline materials, and molecular crystals, have been reported, to date. In particular, photomechanical crystals have attracted increasing attention because they not only have great potential for applications in light harvesting, mechanical actuators, molecular machines, optical sensors, and smart switches, but also provide the opportunity to understand their performance through XRD methods by solving ordered molecular structures . Compared with polymers, elastomers, and liquid‐crystalline materials, molecular crystals possess many advantages, such as faster response times, shorter recovery times, a higher Young's modulus, and a well‐defined crystal structure .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photomechanical Organic Crystals as Smart Materials for Advanced Applications

Aguila

Gao

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

102

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Photomechanical molecular crystals are receiving much attention due to their efficient conversion of light into mechanical work and advantages including faster response time; higher Young's modulus; and ordered structure, as measured by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Recently, various photomechanical crystals with different motions (contraction, expansion, bending, fragmentation, hopping, curling, and twisting) are appearing at the forefront of smart materials research. The photomechanical motions of these single crystals during irradiation are triggered by solid‐state photochemical reactions and accompanied by phase transformation. This Minireview summarizes recent developments in growing research into photoresponsive molecular crystals. The basic mechanisms of different kinds of photomechanical materials are described in detail; recent advances in photomechanical crystals for promising applications as smart materials are also highlighted.

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Repair and Splicing of Centimeter‐Size Organic Crystalline Optical Waveguides

Lan

Yang

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Organic single crystals that are capable of transmitting light and charge are quickly shaping into a new forefront of research in photoelectronic materials that is thought to hold a tremendous potential for the broader field of organic electronics. However, one of the main disadvantages that currently stands against the direct application of organic single crystals in that capacity is their pronounced proneness to mechanical damage due to brittleness, abrasion, and wear. To account for this drawback, here a simple and universal strategy is proposed for the recovery of macroscopic integrity of cracked or completely fractured crystals based on the layer-by-layer charged polymer assembly approach that can be used to effectively recover the damaged crystals. It is shown that in addition to being an effective means for reasonable restoration of their optical waveguiding ability, this approach can also be used to combine different crystals into hybrid organic photonic integrated circuits (OPICs) and even to construct dynamic hybrid OPICs as active and/or passive optical waveguides. The resulting integrated crystalline OPIC bundles act as optical waveguides for transmission of light with different colors and can also be used for light mixing to generate white light.

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Visible Light Mediated Photopolymerization in Single Crystals: Photomechanical Bending and Thermomechanical Unbending

Cited by 76 publications

References 28 publications

Photoinduced Bending of Single Crystals of a Linear Bis‐Olefin via Water‐Templated Solid‐State [2+2] Photopolymerization Reaction

Photoinduced Bending of Single Crystals of a Linear Bis‐Olefin via Water‐Templated Solid‐State [2+2] Photopolymerization Reaction

Photomechanical Organic Crystals as Smart Materials for Advanced Applications

Repair and Splicing of Centimeter‐Size Organic Crystalline Optical Waveguides

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