Visible Light Photoelectrochemical Sensor for Acetaminophen Determination using a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with BiVO₄ Nanoparticles

Abstract

A new and simple photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) nanoparticles and dihexadecyl phosphate (DHP) film was useful for acetaminophen (AC) determination. In 0.2 mol L−1 phosphate buffer (pH=9), the GCE without modification exhibited the smaller photocurrent (0.86 μA) when compared with GCE modified with 1.0 mg mL−1 or 2.0 mg mL−1 BiVO4 nanoparticles suspension (5.9 and 34 μA, respectively). Based on the photocurrent signal generated through the interaction between GCE, BiVO4 and the energy of visible light a chronoamperometric method for AC determination was developed. The AC linear range concentration from 0.099 to 0.99 μmol L−1 and limits of detection and quantification of 0.027 and 0.091 μmol L−1, respectively, was obtained. The proposed method was applied to the AC determination in commercial drugs and tap water with satisfactory accuracy and precision. Moreover, the PEC construction was easy and had a short response time, which might confer higher sample throughput for the method.

Laser-Induced Graphitization of Polydopamine on Titania Nanotubes

“…TNT_lgPDA composite can be considered as a member of the broad semiconductor–nanocarbon composite family. These materials are capable of photocurrent generation and have decent conductivity and charge transfer kinetics, − although not as fast as, e.g., precious metals and alloys. In this context, the spectrum of possible applications of the TNT_lgPDA composite is spanned by several areas such as photoelectrochemical water splitting, removal of pollutants including antibiotics, and photoelectrochemical sensing (PEC) .…”

“…Thus, the detection performance should in principle be better in the PEC experiments compared with the plain electrochemistry. Moreover, the signal-to-noise ratio is also typically smaller because the stimulus signal (light) is different from the collection signal (polarization). , …”

An overview of recent advances in the detection of ascorbic acid by electrochemical techniques

“…Accordingly, the precise selection of nanomaterials is the basis for the development of highly selective and sensitive supramolecular equipment with affinity to the analyte of interest [101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114]. Recent biological and chemical sensing electrodes have benefited from core/shell nanoparticles [115][116][117][118], metal nanostructures [119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126], oxides [127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135], bimetallic compounds [136,137], carbon-based structures [138][139][140] and other mediators [141,142]. Chemical modification is possible for all electrodes used in electrochemical measurements, including carbon paste electrode gold electrodes, screen-printed electrodes and glassy carbon electrodes [143][144]…”

Morphology Effect of Bismuth Vanadate on Electrochemical Sensing for the Detection of Paracetamol

“…Therein, transition metal oxide BiVO 4 , with an excellent charge transport property (hole diffusion length L p = 70 nm) [ 14 , 15 ], has emerged as a highly promising electrocatalytic material with good chemical stability, environmental inertness, and low cost [ 16 , 17 ]. Medeiros et al reported that BiVO 4 nanoparticles could be used as a highly efficient and sensitive photoelectrochemical sensor for paracetamol detection [ 18 ]. Generally speaking, morphology optimization can further enhance the electrocatalytic performance of material oxides.…”