Visual function in autism spectrum disorders: a critical review

Bakroon, Asmaa; Lakshminarayanan, Vasudevan

doi:10.1111/cxo.12383

Cited by 47 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 138 publications

(250 reference statements)

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“…Another question that arises is whether these structural differences between ASD individuals and NT controls may be related to the atypical visual function in autism. 33 On the one hand, ASD subjects exhibited superior performance during static visual tasks, [34][35][36] but ASD individuals showed inferior performance during dynamic visual tasks. 37 It has also been demonstrated recently that the visual field was narrower in ASD patients than in NT controls 38 and that ASD subjects presented atypical electroretinograms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Foveal, Macular, and Peripapillary Intraretinal Thicknesses Between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Neurotypical Subjects

García-Medina

García-Piñero

del-Río-Vellosillo

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Foveal, Macular, and Peripapillary Intraretinal Thicknesses Between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Neurotypical Subjects

García-Medina

García-Piñero

del-Río-Vellosillo

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Overall, the complex inheritance pattern and possible genetic mutations can combine with environmental factors to yield varying expressions of ASD . For further reading on this and the neurobiological profile of ASD, see the recent review of Bakroon and Lakshminarayanan …”

Section: Aetiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vision in children with autism spectrum disorder: a critical review

Little

2018

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition with approximately 1-2 per cent prevalence in the population. The condition has lifelong effects for the individual and family, and early intervention and management helps maximise quality of life and outcomes. Many studies of vision in ASD have attempted to link the behavioural and sensory deficits in ASD with underlying visual processing. From this work, it is clear that individuals with ASD 'see' and process the world differently, but there remain gaps in our understanding. This review will summarise our current knowledge of key aspects of visual functions and the optometric profile of ASD. This includes findings regarding visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, refractive error, eye movements, binocular vision, near visual functions and retinal structure in ASD. From this, a pattern of knowledge emerges for children with ASD: we should expect normal visual acuity; there will likely be atypical eye movements and susceptibility for subtle visuo-motor deficits, there is an increased prevalence of strabismus; an increased likelihood of astigmatism and possibly other refractive errors; attention, crowding and task complexity will likely be problematic; and retinal structure and function may be compromised. Bringing this together, these findings highlight that further work is necessary, not only to understand how higher-level functions link to behaviours, but also to ensure there is a sound understanding of the building-blocks of vision to fully grasp the profile of visual processing as a whole in ASD. This review will give a translational viewpoint for clinicians, and underline the benefits of comprehensive vision care in ASD.

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“…Simmons et al provided a comprehensive review of visual function in ASD with respect to the theories associated with ASD. More recently, Little and Bakroon have critically reviewed visual development and function in children with ASD. Recent systematic reviews have found there was a greater risk for children with ASD if they had a congenital hearing or visual impairment .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect size of search superiority in autism spectrum disorder

Constable

Bailey

Beck

et al. 2020

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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This review of the literature in visual search superiority in autism was intended to quantify the effect size of visual search performance in autism. Not all studies have found an advantage within the autistic population. Early findings on search superiority have led to different proposed mechanisms for the observed results. A review of feature search found that the effect size was low across 15 included studies (Cohen's d 0.089 [−0.150 to 0.293]). However, the effect size was larger for more complex search paradigms using a conjunctive search strategy with Cohen's d showing a moderate effect of 0.223 (0.087 to 0.293). The majority of studies were limited to a small sample size and biased toward the high-functioning end of the autistic spectrum. The overall results indicate that within the autism spectrum disorder population there is a low to moderate search advantage compared to typically developing individuals.

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Visual function in autism spectrum disorders: a critical review

Cited by 47 publications

References 138 publications

Comparison of Foveal, Macular, and Peripapillary Intraretinal Thicknesses Between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Neurotypical Subjects

Comparison of Foveal, Macular, and Peripapillary Intraretinal Thicknesses Between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Neurotypical Subjects

Vision in children with autism spectrum disorder: a critical review

Effect size of search superiority in autism spectrum disorder

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