“…OpenPose in artificial intelligence does not require background settings or pre-labeling. Instead, after capturing images through cameras, mobile phones, webcams, etc., it can directly identify the position of human bones (Kim et al , 2021; Xu et al , 2020), actions (Domingo et al , 2021; Nose et al , 2019; Vasconez et al , 2021) and hand gestures (Mazhar et al , 2019). Related research also compares OpenPose with other sophisticated measurement equipment (Clark et al , 2019; Kim et al , 2021; Ota et al , 2020, 2021), in which, the results show that OpenPose's 2D analysis can provide valid values for humans with frontal and non-moving postures.…”