Visual search, anticipation, and reactive comparisons between highly-skilled and beginning tennis players

Singer, Robert N.; Cauraugh, James H.; Chen, Dapeng; Steinberg, Gregg M.; Frehlich, Shane G.

doi:10.1080/10413209608406305

Cited by 117 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Singer, Cauraugh, Chen, Steinberg, & Frehlich, 1996;Williams & Davids, 1998). In comparison, novice search strategies concentrate around the racket and ball areas, although their search is somewhat inconsistent and, in general, they use cues that are less predictive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual behaviour of tennis coaches in a court and video-based conditions. (Análisis del comportamiento visual de entrenadores de tenis en situaciones de pista y videoproyección.)

Moreno¹,

Romero²,

Vaíllo³

et al. 2006

Rev. int. cienc. deporte

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Visual behaviour of tennis coaches in a court and Visual behaviour of tennis coaches in a court and video-based conditions. video-based conditions. Análisis del comportamiento visual de entrenadoresAnálisis del comportamiento visual de entrenadores de tenis en situaciones de pista y videoproyección. de tenis en situaciones de pista y videoproyección. Este estudio analiza el comportamiento visual realizado por entrenadores de tenis, con diferente nivel de experiencia, cuando observan segundos servicios liftados en situaciones de videoproyección y campo durante un proceso de detección de errores. Se empleó el sistema de seguimiento de la mirada ASL SE5000 para la recogida de datos y posterior análisis de los puntos de fijación visual sobre la escena que los entrenadores observaron. Se desarrolló un diseño experimental de medidas repetidas con tres tomas de datos (A-B-A´): una situación de videoproyección en laboratorio (2D), una situación en pista (3D) y otra nueva situación en laboratorio (2D´).Los entrenadores experimentados realizaron un menor número de fijaciones visuales que los entrenadores noveles en todas las situaciones de medida. Entre las dos situaciones en videoproyección, los entrenadores realizaron fijaciones visuales más largas en la segunda de ellas, con mayores diferencia obtenidas en el grupo de entrenadores experimentados. Ambos grupos realizaron el mayor número de fijaciones visuales sobre el miembro superior, con valores superiores sobre esta localización para el grupo de entrenadores noveles. Si la localización con mayor tiempo de fijación visual fue el miembro superior, la localicen que menos tiempo recibió fue la bola. El número de fijaciones visuales realizadas por ambos grupos disminuyó a medida que se sucedieron las situaciones de medida. Las dos variables que fueron más sensibles al efecto de la dimensionalidad de la escena fueron el número de fijaciones visuales sobre el brazo que sostiene la raqueta y el tiempo de fijación visual sobre el miembro superior. This study analyses the visual behaviour performed by tennis coaches with different levels of experience, when they shown a second top-spin serves in a video-based and court situations during a performance error detection process. The ASL SE5000 eye tracking system was used to detect and record the point of gaze in the visual field. Three experimental measures were carried out (A-B-A'): a two-dimensional situation in a laboratory (2D), a three-dimensional situation on court (3D) and another two-dimensional situation in a laboratory conditions (2D'). R e s u m e nThe visual fixations performed by the expert coaches were lesser than the novice ones in all conditions. Between the two video-based conditions, the coaches performed longer visual fixations in the second one, with greater differences in the experienced group. Both groups performed the highest number of visual fixations on the upper body, with higher scores by the novice group. The location with longer fixation time was the upper body, whereas the location with shorter fixat...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual behaviour of tennis coaches in a court and video-based conditions. (Análisis del comportamiento visual de entrenadores de tenis en situaciones de pista y videoproyección.)

Moreno¹,

Romero²,

Vaíllo³

et al. 2006

Rev. int. cienc. deporte

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“…Interestingly, pilot testing revealed that the goalkeepers tended to move toward the predicted kick direction, despite instruction to stand still and to only respond verbally. Therefore, we used a customized chinrest to restrict the participants' movement (Singer, Cauraugh, Chen, Steinberg, & Frehlich, 1996). In the VSM condition, the participants were required to respond by moving a joystick (i.e., Savelsbergh et al, 2005;Savelsbergh et al, 2002), and in the ISM condition, the goalkeepers were required to produce a simplified body movement-a side step with their arms directed toward the anticipated goal location (e.g., Farrow & Abernethy, 2003;Shim et al, 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of gaze behaviors under in situ and video simulation task constraints reveals differences in information pickup for perception and action

Dicks

Button

Davids

2010

Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics

280

259

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Gaze and movement behaviors of association football goalkeepers were compared under two video simulation conditions (i.e., verbal and joystick movement responses) and three in situ conditions (i.e., verbal, simplified body movement, and interceptive response). The results showed that the goalkeepers spent more time fixating on information from the penalty kick taker's movements than ball location for all perceptual judgment conditions involving limited movement (i.e., verbal responses, joystick movement, and simplified body movement). In contrast, an equivalent amount of time was spent fixating on the penalty taker's relative motions and the ball location for the in situ interception condition, which required the goalkeepers to attempt to make penalty saves. The data suggest that gaze and movement behaviors function differently, depending on the experimental task constraints selected for empirical investigations. These findings highlight the need for research on perceptualmotor behaviors to be conducted in representative experimental conditions to allow appropriate generalization of conclusions to performance environments.

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“…The majority of research conducted on visual search strategy has explored differences between expert and lesser-skilled performers. Differences in visual search strategies between expert and novice sports performers have been observed in soccer (Savelsbergh et al, 2002; Canal-Bruland et al, 2011; Roca et al, 2011), basketball (Vickers, 1996), golf (Vickers, 1992), gymnastics (Vickers, 1988), and tennis (Singer et al, 1996). Research has shown that higher skilled performers within soccer conduct more pertinent visual search strategies, which involve fewer but longer fixations, and that these performers are able to fixate on the more informative areas of the display than less skilled performers (Savelsbergh et al, 2002; Canal-Bruland et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual exploratory activity and resultant behavioural analysis of youth midfield soccer players

Eldridge

Pulling

Robins

2013

JHSE

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Eldridge D, Pulling C, Robins M. Visual exploratory activity and resultant behavioural analysis of youth midfield soccer players. J. Hum. Sport Exerc. Vol. 8, No. Proc3, pp. S560-S577, 2013. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of visual exploratory activity, prior to receiving the ball in the middle third of the pitch, on the actions of youth midfield soccer players. The visual exploratory activity of three youth central midfield players was examined using a player cam approach, which in turn, was related to each player's actions, after receiving the ball, through the use of a wide angle perspective. SportsCode Elite software was used to analyse all player actions post-event. Players participated in five training games, each 20 minutes in duration. The player's actions were divided into five themes: (1) maintaining possession, (2) loss of possession, (3) field location of maintained possessions (4) defensive pressure, and, (5) turning. Associations between visual exploratory activity and each of the resultant behavioural themes were examined using a chi-squared test (p<0.05). The findings of the study revealed that the players performed more forward passes, executed more passes into the attacking half, performed more turns when opportunities arose, and experienced less defensive pressure when performing visual exploratory activity prior to receiving the ball (p<0.01). There is evidence to suggest that coaches should encourage players to perform visual exploratory activity prior to receiving possession of the football. Moreover, coaches should be acutely aware that visual exploratory activity can influence the technical and tactical aspects of performance, and, consequently, this aspect should be considered an important facet to aid player development.

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Visual search, anticipation, and reactive comparisons between highly-skilled and beginning tennis players

Cited by 117 publications

References 10 publications

Visual behaviour of tennis coaches in a court and video-based conditions. (Análisis del comportamiento visual de entrenadores de tenis en situaciones de pista y videoproyección.)

Visual behaviour of tennis coaches in a court and video-based conditions. (Análisis del comportamiento visual de entrenadores de tenis en situaciones de pista y videoproyección.)

Examination of gaze behaviors under in situ and video simulation task constraints reveals differences in information pickup for perception and action

Visual exploratory activity and resultant behavioural analysis of youth midfield soccer players

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