Visual short-term memory for coherent motion in video game players: evidence from a memory-masking paradigm

Pavan, Andrea; Hobaek, Martine; Blurton, Steven P.; Contillo, Adriano; Ghin, Filippo; Greenlee, Mark W.

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-42593-0

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…First, individuals characterized by fixed-head were 71% video-gamers, and correlatively 80% of the video-gamers in the whole population pertained to this cluster. This result is in line with previous demonstrations that tasks that rely on the dorsal system of the brain and peripheral vision are most improved in action video game players 43 and that video gaming develops more efficient perceptual decisions 44 . Second, 70% of tracking-ball experts were in the fixed-head cluster and reciprocally 80% no tracking-ball were in the cluster represented by head moving performers (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Reliability of the Dynavision task in virtual reality to explore visuomotor phenotypes

Pratviel

Deschodt-Arsac

Larrue³

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Daily-life behaviors strongly rely on visuomotor integration, a complex sensorimotor process with obvious plasticity. Visual-perceptive and visual-cognitive functions are degraded by neurological disorders and brain damage, but are improved by vision training, e.g. in athletes. Hence, developing tools to evaluate/improve visuomotor abilities has found echo among psychologists, neurophysiologists, clinicians and sport professionals. Here we implemented the Dynavision visuomotor reaction task in virtual reality (VR) to get a flexible tool to place high demands on visual-perceptive and visual-cognitive processes, and explore individual abilities in visuomotor integration. First, we demonstrated high test–retest reliability for the task in VR among healthy physically-active students (n = 64, 32 females). Second, the capture of head movements thanks to the VR-headset sensors provided new and reliable information on individual visual-perceptual strategies, which added significant value to explore visuomotor phenotypes. A factor analysis of mixed data and hierarchical clustering on principal components points to head movements, video-games practice and ball-tracking sports as critical cues to draw visuomotor phenotypes among our participants. We conclude that the visuomotor task in VR is a reliable, flexible and promising tool. Since VR nowadays can serve e.g. to modulate multisensorial integration by creating visual interoceptive-exteroceptive conflicts, or placing specifically designed cognitive demand, much could be learned on complex integrated visuomotor processes through VR experiments. This offers new perspectives for post brain injury risk evaluation, rehabilitation programs and visual-cognitive training.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Reliability of the Dynavision task in virtual reality to explore visuomotor phenotypes

Pratviel

Deschodt-Arsac

Larrue³

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…There is convincing evidence that playing commercially available video games, in particular action video games, such as Battlefield V (EA DICE; Stockholm), may improve cognitive functions – ranging from perception ( Dye et al, 2009 ; Li et al, 2009 , 2010 ; Bejjanki et al, 2014 ), over memory ( Blacker and Curby, 2013 ; Blacker et al, 2014 ; McDermott et al, 2014 ; Pavan et al, 2019 ), probabilistic inference ( Green et al, 2010 ; Schenk et al, 2017 ), and executive control ( Colzato et al, 2010 ; Cain et al, 2012 ; Green et al, 2012 ; Strobach et al, 2012 ) to attentional deployment ( Greenfield et al, 1994 ; Green and Bavelier, 2003 ; Chisholm and Kingstone, 2012 ; Cain et al, 2014 ; Wu and Spence, 2013 ). Thus, video gaming might represent a promising tool both for investigating human learning and therapeutic use in clinical populations (e.g., in patients with amblyopia, see Gambacorta et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faster Visual Information Processing in Video Gamers Is Associated With EEG Alpha Amplitude Modulation

et al. 2020

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Video gaming, specifically action video gaming, seems to improve a range of cognitive functions. The basis for these improvements may be attentional control in conjunction with reward-related learning to amplify the execution of goal-relevant actions while suppressing goal-irrelevant actions. Given that EEG alpha power reflects inhibitory processing, a core component of attentional control, it might represent the electrophysiological substrate of cognitive improvement in video gaming. The aim of this study was to test whether non-video gamers (NVGs), non-action video gamers (NAVGs) and action video gamers (AVGs) exhibit differences in EEG alpha power, and whether this might account for differences in visual information processing as operationalized by the theory of visual attention (TVA). Forty male volunteers performed a visual short-term memory paradigm where they memorized shape stimuli depicted on circular stimulus displays at six different exposure durations while their EEGs were recorded. Accuracy data was analyzed using TVA-algorithms. There was a positive correlation between the extent of post-stimulus EEG alpha power attenuation (10–12 Hz) and speed of information processing across all participants. Moreover, both EEG alpha power attenuation and speed of information processing were modulated by an interaction between group affiliation and time on task, indicating that video gamers showed larger EEG alpha power attenuations and faster information processing over time than NVGs – with AVGs displaying the largest increase. An additional regression analysis affirmed this observation. From this we concluded that EEG alpha power might be a promising neural substrate for explaining cognitive improvement in video gaming.

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“…All the dots moved along translational trajectories with 100% coherence. The dots moved on a grey background (mean luminance 37.5 cd/m 2 ) at a speed of approximately 5 deg/s [40]. The dots had a Weber contrast of 0.99.…”

Section: Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Short-Term Memory for Coherent and Sequential Motion: A rTMS Investigation

Pavan¹,

Ghin²,

Campana³

2021

Preprint

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We investigated the role of the human medio-temporal complex (hMT+) in the memory encoding and storage of a sequence of four coherently moving RDKs by applying repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) during an early or late phase of the retention interval. Moreover, in a second experiment we also tested whether disrupting the functional integrity of hMT+ during the early phase impaired the precision of the encoded motion directions. Overall, results showed that both recognition accuracy and precision were worse in middle serial positions, suggesting the occurrence of primacy and recency effects. We found that rTMS delivered during the early (but not the late) phase of the retention interval was able to impair not only recognition of RDKs, but also the precision of the retained motion direction. However, such impairment occurred only for RDKs presented in middle positions along the presented sequence, where performance was already closer to chance level. Altogether these findings suggest an involvement of hMT+ in the memory encoding of visual motion direction. Given that both position sequence and rTMS modulated not only recognition but also precision of the stored information, these findings are in support of a model of visual short-term memory with a variable resolution of each stored item, consistent with the assigned amount of memory resources, and that such item-specific memory resolution is supported by the functional integrity of area hMT+.

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Visual short-term memory for coherent motion in video game players: evidence from a memory-masking paradigm

Cited by 19 publications

References 69 publications

Reliability of the Dynavision task in virtual reality to explore visuomotor phenotypes

Reliability of the Dynavision task in virtual reality to explore visuomotor phenotypes

Faster Visual Information Processing in Video Gamers Is Associated With EEG Alpha Amplitude Modulation

Visual Short-Term Memory for Coherent and Sequential Motion: A rTMS Investigation

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