Visual, Tactile, and Phobic Hallucinations: Recognition and Management in the Emergency Department

Pao, Maryland; Lohman, Cheryl; Gracey, Dorothy; Greenberg, Larrie

doi:10.1097/01.pec.0000106240.72265.2d

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Existe una cuarta fase o residual en la cual los síntomas de alucinaciones no están presentes pero el niño se muestra apático, con falta de motivación y con afecto aplanado. (9,10) La farmacoterapia se instituye en un intento para tratar la causa subyacente del cuadro psicótico. Generalmente, el tratamiento se inicia en niños ante la presencia de alucinaciones, sin embargo, no existe consenso sobre el uso de medicamentos antipsicóticos en la fase prodrómica en niños.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Hipertiroidismo y Psicosis en Pediatría: Reporte de Caso

2015

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RESUMENLa enfermedad de Graves es un desorden autoinmune que constituye la principal causa de hipertiroidismo en niños; usualmente se manifiesta con bocio difuso, signos de oftalmopatía bilateral y la alteración bioquímica en las pruebas de función tiroidea. En ocasiones, los síntomas iniciales se presentan con manifestaciones psiquiátricas, lo que llega a ser un reto en el diagnóstico diferencial, ya sea del trastorno tiroideo primario o un trastorno psiquiátrico. Debido a la poca frecuencia con que esta manifestación de la enfermedad de graves se presenta en pediatría se expone aquí el caso de hipertiroidismo y psicosis aguda en un paciente pediátrico. PALABRAS CLAVEHipertiroidismo, Niños, Enfermedad de Graves, Psicosis aguda ABSTRACT Graves's disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in children and adolescents. Generally presents itself as a diffuse goiter, clinical findings of bilateral ophthalmopathy and abnormal laboratory results in the thyroid function test. Sometimes, the psychiatric manifestations become the initial symptoms, what turns the differential diagnoses, from either the primary thyroid disorder or the psychiatric disease, in quite a challenge. Because of the low incidence of psychosis as manifestation of Graves' disease in children, we present a case of hyperthyroidism and acute psychosis in a child. KEYWORDSHyperthyroidism, children, Graves' disease, Psychosis. CASO CLINICOUn paciente masculino, costarricense, de 12 años de edad, fue admitido en el Hospital nacional de niños "Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera" por historia de alteración del comportamiento, bocio, proptosis, y alucinaciones visuales.El paciente es conocido sano, viviendo en albergue del PANI (Patronato Nacional de la Infancia, Costa Rica), con historia de alucinaciones que consistía en ver un "niño de 5 años de edad, pequeño, vestido de blanco, con espirales rojas en el pecho, el cual le decía que quemara el albergue donde se encontraba en ese momento, ya que no era un buen lugar". Las alucinaciones visuales del paciente durante esa semana se hicieron más frecuentes y además, comenzó a presentar un comportamiento agresivo, apático, ansioso, asociando irritación ocular, diaforesis, insomnio e inquietud por lo que los encargados del menor deciden consultar al hospital nacional psiquiátrico. Fue valorado

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Hipertiroidismo y Psicosis en Pediatría: Reporte de Caso

2015

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“…A related condition is the benign phobic hallucinations in preschool and early school-age children, where visual and tactile phenomena are associated with anxiety, are transient and is present mostly at night. This type of hallucinations is described only in this age group (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-psychotic auditory hallucinations in children and adolescents

et al. 2011

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SummaryNon-psychotic auditory hallucinations are described in children and adolescents in association with a range of psychopathological and social circumstances, including disorders of emotions and conduct, abuse and family dysfunction. A variety of phenomena and aetiological factors have been identified in scientific literature to explain the existence of non-psychotic auditory hallucinations. We present a series of twelve cases where auditory hallucinations were prominent. The objective of the discussion is to draw attention to the range of presentations, the influence of underlying psychosocial factors in symptom formation, the inadequacies of the main diagnostic classifications, the importance of diagnostic accuracy, the level of clinical skills required and the cultural factors influencing clinical presentation. SL J Psychiatry 2011; 2 (1):9-12

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“…The child in this study had auditory, visual, and tactile hallucinations which were frightening and sometimes occurred in the middle of the night. In his case series, Pao evaluated ten children, during a period of 20 months, who presented with visual and tactile hallucinations that subsided within few weeks (14). However, in our case, the hallucinations never ceased.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In Pao's study, the hallucinations were anxiety-based, and all of the analyzed children had grown up in families of low to median socioeconomic status. Pao considered the hallucinations as benign, phobic hallucinations that were self-limited and had been reported to occur only in preschool-to young school-aged children (14). The child in this study was also from a family of low socioeconomic status, had separation anxiety disorder and a specific phobia, and his hallucinations were anxiety-based.…”

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Does Childhood Trauma Lead to Sustained Hallucinations in Preschool-Aged Children? A Case Report

Shahrbabaki

Divsalar

2016

Int J High Risk Behav Addict

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Introduction: Hallucinations in children have not typically been viewed as synonymous with psychosis. They can even be part of normal development or can be associated with other psychiatric disorders. These hallucinations are sometimes referred to as non-psychotic hallucinations. An association between childhood trauma and psychosis has been demonstrated several times. Case Presentation: A six-year-old child was analyzed as a follow-up study over a period of three years by a child and adolescent psychiatrist. During the study, he was referred to the psychiatric hospital three times for aggression and hallucinations. Despite his several admissions to the psychiatric hospital and receipt of vigorous treatment, he maintained clear and sustained hallucinations that never diminished. At the last outpatient follow-up, his mother revealed physical abuse by his father. Laboratory tests, magnetic resonance imaging, and electroencephalography results were unremarkable. Conclusions: Based on our experience and knowledge, this child, who has had three years of sustained and non-psychotic hallucinations, is a rare case. In addition, this case proves that the diagnostic complexity of hallucinations in children of preschool age requires a high level of precision and thoroughness. That is, these hallucinations may be associated with adversities experienced by the child. This article discusses how trauma may manifest in characteristic symptoms of psychosis, particularly hallucinations.

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Visual, Tactile, and Phobic Hallucinations: Recognition and Management in the Emergency Department

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Hipertiroidismo y Psicosis en Pediatría: Reporte de Caso

Hipertiroidismo y Psicosis en Pediatría: Reporte de Caso

Non-psychotic auditory hallucinations in children and adolescents

Does Childhood Trauma Lead to Sustained Hallucinations in Preschool-Aged Children? A Case Report

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