Visualization research on hydrogen jet characteristics of an outward-opening injector for direct injection hydrogen engines

Wang, Xi; Sun, Baigang; Luo, Qing-he; Bao, Lingzhi; Su, Jie; Liu, Jie; Li, Xiangchao

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118710

Cited by 39 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Currently, for fuel injection, many automotive manufacturers apply port fuel injection [10,9]. However, a problem with the port fuel injection is low volumetric efficiency and fuel short-circuit from the inlet to the exhaust, which results in lower peak torque and output power [8,10,9]. Direct injection can resolve this problem by injecting the fuel during and/or after the inlet valve closure [10,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization and comparison of methane and hydrogen jet dynamics using schlieren imaging

Yeganeh

Cheng

Dharamsi

et al. 2023

Fuel

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization and comparison of methane and hydrogen jet dynamics using schlieren imaging

Yeganeh

Cheng

Dharamsi

et al. 2023

Fuel

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“…Preliminary research using an outwardly opening injector has shown that the hydrogen jet morphology easily collapses under high ambient pressure. 32,33 This was also observed in multi-hole injector, where the holes in close angular distance indicate jet collapse. 34 Thus, as the ambient pressure significantly varies depending on the injection timing in SCC, the effect of injection timing on the combustion characteristics must be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Studies have experimentally investigated the jet behavior of high-pressure hydrogen DI. 31–33 Salazar and Kaiser 34 visualized the formation of the mixture of DI hydrogen with an acetone seeder for planar laser-induced fluorescence diagnostics in a research engine. The wall interaction of hydrogen may enhance the mixture for stable operation depending on the injection timing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wall interaction of hydrogen may enhance the mixture for stable operation depending on the injection timing. Wang et al 33 investigated the relationship between the injection pressure and ambient pressure at a low ambient pressure by increasing the DI pressure up to 14 MPa. Lee et al 32 elucidated the effect of the ambient pressure on the hydrogen jet evolution process to use hydrogen for lean SCC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of injection and ignition timing on a hydrogen-lean stratified charge combustion engine

Lee

Kim

Bae

2021

International Journal of Engine Research

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Hydrogen can be used as a fuel for internal combustion engines to realize a carbon-neutral transport society. By extending the lean limit of spark ignition engines, their efficiency, and emission characteristics can be improved. In this study, stratified charge combustion (SCC) using monofueled hydrogen direct injection was used to extend the lean limit of a spark ignition engine. The injection and ignition timing were varied to examine their effect on the SCC characteristics. An engine experiment was performed in a spray-guided single-cylinder research engine, and the nitrogen oxide and particulate emissions were measured. Depending on the injection timing, two different types of combustion were characterized: mild and hard combustion. The advancement and retardation of the ignition timing resulted in a high and low combustion stability, respectively. The lubricant-based particulate emission was attributed to the in-cylinder temperature and area of the flame surface. Therefore, the results of the study suggest that the optimization of the hydrogen SCC based on the injection and ignition timing could contribute to a clean and efficient transport sector.

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“…Two-dimensional direct numerical simulations were employed to investigate flame development in the prechamber and early-stage turbulent jet ignition in the mainchamber at various initial temperatures. Hydrogen, as a clean energy, is utilized as fuel or as fuel blends of engines in many studies [23][24][25][26][27]. Rather than large hydrocarbons, hydrogen with faster flame speed [28] is often employed in turbulent jet ignition systems thanks to its greater pressure potential energy after prechamber combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Thermo-Atmosphere on Combustion Evolutions of Turbulent Jet Ignition under Engine Conditions

Pan¹,

He²,

Li³

et al. 2021

Advances in Energy Research

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Turbulent jet ignition technology can significantly enhance incylinder turbulence and improve lean combustion stability. However, the narrow jet channel between pre-chamber and main-chamber leads to some difficulties in heat exchange, which significantly affects combustion performance and mechanical component lifetime. To clarify the effect of thermo-atmosphere on the combustion evolutions of turbulent jet ignition, direct numerical simulations with detailed chemical kinetics were employed under engine conditions, and flame front development in pre-chamber and early-stage turbulent jet ignition in mainchamber were investigated at various initial temperatures. Stoichiometric and lean hydrogen/air mixtures were filled in prechamber and main-chamber, respectively. The results show that flame structure and propagation speed are significantly affected by pressure wave disturbance in confined pre-chamber, manifesting an oscillation behavior in flame displacement velocity. Flame propagation speed positively correlates with the increase of initial temperatures, but there are no obvious variations in oscillation amplitude. Before flame front arrives at the inlet of the jet nozzle, some cold stoichiometric mixtures are released into main-chamber due to the thermal expansion of prechamber combustion. The cold jet flow induces obvious vortexes and enhances the mixing of different mixtures, which determines the early-stage ignition characteristics of the main chamber. Under sufficiently high thermo-atmosphere conditions, pressure wave and auto-ignition interactions become pronounced, and pre-flame heat release may be encountered in the jet orifice, modifying the pattern of turbulence jet flame. Meanwhile, Advances in Energy Research: 3 rd Edition 3 www.videleaf.com irregular near-wall auto-ignition events may also occur in the pre-chamber, resulting in the combustion mode transitions involving distinct combustion characteristics.

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Visualization research on hydrogen jet characteristics of an outward-opening injector for direct injection hydrogen engines

Cited by 39 publications

References 25 publications

Visualization and comparison of methane and hydrogen jet dynamics using schlieren imaging

Visualization and comparison of methane and hydrogen jet dynamics using schlieren imaging

Effect of injection and ignition timing on a hydrogen-lean stratified charge combustion engine

Effect of Thermo-Atmosphere on Combustion Evolutions of Turbulent Jet Ignition under Engine Conditions

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