Visuospatial support for verbal short-term memory in individuals with Down syndrome

Duarte, Cintia Perez; Covre, Priscila; Braga, Ana Claudia; Macedo, Elizeu Coutinho de

doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2011.03.024

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Contrary to the visuo-spatial ability strength hypothesis, in three of the four comparisons the group with DS performed more poorly than the TD group (Duarte et al, 2011; Vicari, Bellucci, & Carlesimo, 2006; Vicari et al, 2004), though in one of these (Vicari et al, 2006) the group difference disappeared when visuo-spatial perceptual ability was covaried out. Each of these comparisons was based on a general cognitive ability matching variable (MA from WISC-III, Wechsler, 2002; WAIS-III, Wechsler, 2004; or Stanford Binet, Bozzo, & Mansueto Zecca, 1993).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 87%

“…Each of these comparisons was based on a general cognitive ability matching variable (MA from WISC-III, Wechsler, 2002; WAIS-III, Wechsler, 2004; or Stanford Binet, Bozzo, & Mansueto Zecca, 1993). Duarte and colleagues (2011) included two TD comparison groups – one matched on general MA (from WISC-II and WISC-III) and the other matched on receptive vocabulary (from PPVT, Dunn & Dunn, 1997). Although the group with DS performed more poorly than the group matched on general cognitive ability, these participants performed similarly to those matched on receptive vocabulary.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For those with DS, in many realms visual approaches may be more successful than verbal approaches. Indeed, visual approaches to reading and memory improvement have been promoted for this reason (e.g., Buckley, 1995; Duarte, Covre, Braga, & Macedo, 2011; Freeman & Hodapp, 2000; Hodapp & Ly, 2003). In fact, visuo-spatial ability is commonly referred to as an area of strength in DS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visuo-spatial ability in individuals with Down syndrome: Is it really a strength?

Yang

Conners

Merrill

2014

Research in Developmental Disabilities

107

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Down syndrome (DS) is associated with extreme difficulty in verbal skills and relatively better visuo-spatial skills. Indeed, visuo-spatial ability is often considered a strength in DS. However, it is not clear whether this strength is only relative to the poor verbal skills, or, more impressively, relative to cognitive ability in general. To answer this question, we conducted an extensive literature review of studies on visuo-spatial abilities in people with Down syndrome from January 1987 to May 2013. Based on a general taxonomy of spatial abilities patterned after Lohman, Pellegrino, Alderton, and Regian (1987) and Carroll (1993) and existing studies of DS, we included five different domains of spatial abilities – visuo-spatial memory, visuo-spatial construction, mental rotation, closure, and wayfinding. We evaluated a total of 49 studies including 127 different comparisons. Most comparisons involved a group with DS vs. a group with typical development matched on mental age and compared on a task measuring one of the five visuo-spatial abilities. Although further research is needed for firm conclusions on some visuo-spatial abilities, there was no evidence that visuo-spatial ability is a strength in DS relative to general cognitive ability. Rather, the review suggests an uneven profile of visuo-spatial abilities in DS in which some abilities are commensurate with general cognitive ability level, and others are below.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visuo-spatial ability in individuals with Down syndrome: Is it really a strength?

Yang

Conners

Merrill

2014

Research in Developmental Disabilities

107

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“…Vicari and colleagues have also documented disproportionately lower verbal backward spans in teenagers with DS relative to a mentally and chronologically aged-matched group with intellectual disability of different etiology (1995). Doubtless, other VSTM mechanics could be evaluated such as wordlength, repetition, and context or cross-modality effects (e.g., Duarte et al 2011;Edgin et al 2010b;Kanno and Ikeda 2002). To our knowledge, a comprehensive VSTM battery-comprised of several informative subtests with derivatives that scale in executive difficulty-has not been devised for people with DS.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Cognitive Improvement in People with Down Syndrome: Important Considerations for Drug-Efficacy Trials

Fernandez

Reeves

2015

Cognitive Enhancement

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Experimental research over just the past decade has raised the possibility that learning deficits connected to Down syndrome (DS) might be effectively managed by medication. In the current chapter, we touch on some of the work that paved the way for these advances and discuss the challenges associated with translating them. In particular, we highlight sources of phenotypic variability in the DS population that are likely to impact performance assessments. Throughout, suggestions are made on how to detect meaningful changes in cognitive-adaptive function in people with DS during drug treatment. The importance of within-subjects evaluation is emphasized.

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“…Estudos apontam que indivíduos com transtornos no desenvolvimento tendem a apresentar maiores escores em testes não verbais (Duarte, Covre, Braga, & Macedo, 2011;Flanagan, Alfonso, Mascolo, & Sotelo-Dynega, 2012). Além disso, o estudo de normatização do teste SON-R 6-40 envolve respondentes de mais de 40 municípios das cinco regiões brasileiras, introduzindo métodos diferenciados na composição do grupo amostral e no cálculo das normas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Evidências de validade convergente e discriminante dos escores do SON-R 6-40

Lima

Laros

2017

Psicologia - Teoria E Prática

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Resumo: Um adequado processo de validação é essencial para possibilitar uma interpretação correta dos escores de um teste. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi obter evidên-cias de validade convergente e discriminante dos escores do teste SON-R 6-40, um teste não verbal de inteligência de origem holandesa, para o qual estão sendo elaboradas as normas brasileiras. O teste foi administrado juntamente com o WISC-IV em uma amostra de 120 crianças de 10 a 14 anos. A correlação, corrigida para atenuação, entre escores totais do SON-R 6-40 e do WISC-IV foi de 0,73. Como esperado, a correlação mais alta foi obtida entre SON-R 6-40 e Índice de Organização Perceptual do WISC-IV (r = 0,84) e a correlação mais baixa foi entre SON-R 6-40 e Índice de Velocidade de Processamento (r = 0,32). Os resultados obtidos indicam evidências satisfatórias de validade convergente e discriminante dos escores do SON-R 6-40 para a faixa etária investigada.Palavras-chave: testes de inteligência; validade convergente; validade discriminante; SON-R 6-40; WISC-IV. EVIDENCE OF CONVERGENT AND DISCRIMINANT VALIDITY OF THE SON-R 6-40 SCORESAbstract: An adequate validation process is fundamental to ensure sound interpretations of test results. Thus, the purpose of this study was to acquire evidence of the convergent and discriminant validity of the test scores on the SON-R 6-40, a non-verbal test of intelligence of Dutch origin, for which Brazilian rulings are being prepared. The test was performed together with the WISC-IV to a sample of 120 children from 10 up to 14 years old. The correlation, corrected for attenuation, between the total scores on the SON-R 6-40 and the WISC-IV was .73. As expected, a higher correlation (r = .84) was obtained between the SON-R 6-40 and the Perceptual Organization Scale of the WISC-IV, and the lowest correlation was between SON-R 6-40 and the Processing Speed Scale (r = 0.32). The results indicate satisfactory evidence of the convergent and discriminant validity of the SON-R 6-40 scores for the age group investigated in the research sample.Keywords: intelligence tests; convergent validity; discriminant validity; SON-R 6-40; WISC-IV. EVIDENCIAS DE VALIDEZ CONVERGENTE Y DISCRIMINANTE DE LOS PUNTAJES DEL TEST SON-R 6-40Resumen: Un proceso de validación apropiado es esencial para conseguir una correcta interpretación de los resultados de un test. Así, el objetivo de este estudio fue obte-

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Visuospatial support for verbal short-term memory in individuals with Down syndrome

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Visuo-spatial ability in individuals with Down syndrome: Is it really a strength?

Visuo-spatial ability in individuals with Down syndrome: Is it really a strength?

Assessing Cognitive Improvement in People with Down Syndrome: Important Considerations for Drug-Efficacy Trials

Evidências de validade convergente e discriminante dos escores do SON-R 6-40

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