Vitamin A, Vitamin E, and Lipids in Serum of Children with Cystic Fibrosis or Congenital Heart Defects Compared with Normal Children

Bennett, Mildred J.; Medwadowski, B.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/20.5.415

Cited by 46 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Our data suggest that in children with CFP there is a defect in the ability to mobilize vitamin A from hepatic cells, perhaps owing to an inability to release retinol or to an inability to provide the transport proteins. This interpretation is consistent with reports that blood levels in CFP patients do rise after vitamin A absorption tests, but are not maintained at normal levels in spite of prolonged supplementation at high dosages [3].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The ratio of the levels of u-tocopherol in plasma and tissue was constant, suggesting that both tissues were depleted in parallel. These low plasma values are similar to those reported by others for children with CFP [3,12,16] and probably reflect malabsorption. Several patients received 5 mg/kg/day of a water-dispersible vitamin E preparation for 4-1 1 months and exhibited an increase in plasma values in most cases, but the values usually remained below normal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…2 Concentration of vitamin A in liver was significantly higher in the children with CFP than in the control subjecs (P < 0.05). 3 Mean of 9 subjects. 4 Mean of 18 subjects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical, anatomic, and biochemical evidences for deficiencies of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K have been described in children with CFP who received no vitamin supplementation [5,12,22,23,24,27,28]. Some evidences of deficiency may disappear after feeding the responsible vitamin, but the fasting concentration of vitamin A in plasma often remains low, and the level of vitamin E responds very slowly, in spite of oral administration of high doses of these vitamins [3,10,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood and Liver Concentrations of Vitamins A and E in Children with Cystic Fibrosis of the Pancreas

Underwood

Denning

1972

Pediatr Res

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…2 Concentration of vitamin A in liver was significantly higher in the children with CFP than in the control subjecs (P < 0.05). 3 Mean of 9 subjects. 4 Mean of 18 subjects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood and Liver Concentrations of Vitamins A and E in Children with Cystic Fibrosis of the Pancreas

Underwood

Denning

1972

Pediatr Res

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“…Micelle formation is required for the absorption of vitamin E (57, 171). Pancreatic enzymes may also aid in its absorption (121); this is suggested by the finding of vitamin E deficiency in patients with cystic fibrosis, who do not secrete pancreatic enzymes (12,48,70,172,193).…”

Section: Vitamin Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal lipid absorption

Iqbal¹,

Hussain²

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

666

484

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Our knowledge of the uptake and transport of dietary fat and fat-soluble vitamins has advanced considerably. Researchers have identified several new mechanisms by which lipids are taken up by enterocytes and packaged as chylomicrons for export into the lymphatic system or clarified the actions of mechanisms previously known to participate in these processes. Fatty acids are taken up by enterocytes involving protein-mediated as well as proteinindependent processes. Net cholesterol uptake depends on the competing activities of NPC1L1, ABCG5, and ABCG8 present in the apical membrane. We have considerably more detailed information about the uptake of products of lipid hydrolysis, the active transport systems by which they reach the endoplasmic reticulum, the mechanisms by which they are resynthesized into neutral lipids and utilized within the endoplasmic reticulum to form lipoproteins, and the mechanisms by which lipoproteins are secreted from the basolateral side of the enterocyte. apoB and MTP are known to be central to the efficient assembly and secretion of lipoproteins. In recent studies, investigators found that cholesterol, phospholipids, and vitamin E can also be secreted from enterocytes as components of high-density apoB-free/apoAI-containing lipoproteins. Several of these advances will probably be investigated further for their potential as targets for the development of drugs that can suppress cholesterol absorption, thereby reducing the risk of hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular disease.intestine; dietary fat; triacylglycerol; cholesterol; phospholipids; fat-soluble vitamins; microsomal triglyceride transfer protein DIETARY FATS CONSIST OF A WIDE ARRAY of polar and nonpolar lipids (32, 33). Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the dominant fat in the diet, contributing 90 -95% of the total energy derived from dietary fat. Dietary fats also include phospholipids (PLs), sterols (e.g., cholesterol), and many other lipids (e.g., fatsoluble vitamins). The predominant PL in the intestinal lumen is phosphatidylcholine (PC), which is derived mostly from bile (10 -20 g/day in humans) but also from the diet (ϳ1-2 g/day). The predominant dietary sterols are cholesterol (mostly of animal origin) and ␤-sitosterol (the major plant sterol). Although ␤-sitosterol accounts for 25% of dietary sterols, it is not absorbed by humans under physiological conditions.Researchers have been investigating the various steps involved in lipid digestion, absorption, and metabolism to identify factors that could serve as targets for the development of drugs capable of reducing the risk of lipid-associated disorders, including dyslipidemias and cardiovascular disease. In so doing, they have explored key aspects of lipid digestion hydrolysis, emulsification, and micelle formation. They have also explored key issues of absorption, e.g., the uptake of the products of lipid hydrolysis by enterocytes (the epithelial cells lining the walls of the intestinal lumen) and their transport to intracellular compartments, where fatty acids and sterols are...

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