Vitamin B12 in Health and Disease

O’Leary, Fiona; Samman, Samir

doi:10.3390/nu2030299

Cited by 350 publications

(313 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Similarly to their results, in the present study we found decreased vitamin B 12 levels in our T2D-CKD patients regardless of the CKD stage, although the concentrations found in our population were not an expression of vitamin B 12 deficiency, in which plasma levels are below 200 pg/ml. The finding that at stage IV the vitamin B 12 levels are significantly higher than in other stages of CKD is probably due to the reduced renal function in those patients, as it was demonstrated that excessive vitamin B 12 is normally excreted in the urine [24]. We also found that folate levels were comparable to those of controls in our T2D-CKD patients.…”

supporting

confidence: 73%

Homocysteine, cysteine, folate and vitamin B12 status in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease

Pastore

Noce²,

Giovamberardino

et al. 2014

J Nephrol

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Hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy) is a risk\ud factor in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD).\ud In type 2 diabetes (T2D), hHcy is strongly associated with\ud increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Vitamin B12 and\ud folic acid supplementation have been reported to lower\ud homocysteine (tHcy) levels, but no data on plasma tHcy,\ud cysteine (Cys), folate and vitamin B12 levels in T2D-CKD\ud patients are reported.\ud Procedures tHcy and Cys levels were analyzed in 178\ud T2D-CKD patients by high performance liquid chromatography\ud (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. In addition,\ud we determined folate and vitamin B12 levels using a\ud chemiluminescence method.\ud Results tHcy and Cys levels were increased in T2D\ud patients, and this rise positively correlated with the CKD\ud stage (P\0.001). Folate levels were comparable to controls\ud at various CKD stages, whereas vitamin B12 levels\ud were lower, except at stage IV. We did not find any\ud correlation between B-vitamins and levels of tHcy and Cys,\ud regardless of the CKD stage.\ud Conclusions This is the first study reporting tHcy, Cys\ud and B-vitamins status in T2D-CKD patients. Although\ud limited to our cohort of 178 patients, our findings could be\ud helpful in clarifying the conflicting literature regarding\ud B-vitamins supplementation. Further studies are necessary\ud before any Hcy-lowering therapy can be safely established\ud in T2D-CKD subjects

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supporting

confidence: 73%

Homocysteine, cysteine, folate and vitamin B12 status in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease

Pastore

Noce²,

Giovamberardino

et al. 2014

J Nephrol

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“…Parietal cells in the stomach secrete both hydrochloric acid and the vitamin B-12-binding protein IF, and low IF concentrations impair vitamin B-12 absorption. Insufficient IF is caused by pernicious anemia, an autoimmune disease, which typically presents as megaloblastic anemia (20)(21)(22). IF-bound vitamin B-12 is absorbed primarily in the ileum by the cubulin FIGURE 1 Vitamin B-12 in 1-carbon metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin B-12 and Perinatal Health

Finkelstein

Layden

Stover

2015

Advances in Nutrition

139

104

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Vitamin B-12 deficiency (<148 pmol/L) is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including developmental anomalies, spontaneous abortions, preeclampsia, and low birth weight (<2500 g). The importance of adequate vitamin B-12 status periconceptionally and during pregnancy cannot be overemphasized, given its fundamental role in neural myelination, brain development, and growth. Infants born to vitamin B-12-deficient women may be at increased risk of neural tube closure defects, and maternal vitamin B-12 insufficiency (<200 pmol/L) can impair infant growth, psychomotor function, and brain development, which may be irreversible. However, the underlying causal mechanisms are unknown. This review was conducted to examine the evidence that links maternal vitamin B-12 status and perinatal outcomes. Despite the high prevalence of vitamin B-12 deficiency and associated risk of pregnancy complications, few prospective studies and, to our knowledge, only 1 randomized trial have examined the effects of vitamin B-12 supplementation during pregnancy. The role of vitamin B-12 in the etiology of adverse perinatal outcomes needs to be elucidated to inform public health interventions. Adv Nutr 2015;6:552-63.

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“…Moreover, long-term effects of FGR include growth retardation (Chia and Huang, 2014), developmental anomalies (Streimish et al, 2012), congenital anomalies (Clausson et al, 1999), cardiovascular diseases (Khadilkar and Parthasarathy, 2015), ischemia anoxic encephalopathy (Kovo et al, 2015), chronic lung diseases (Bose et al, 2009), gastrointestinal diseases (Liu et al, 2014), kidney diseases (Ojeda et al, 2008), and endocrine metabolic disorders (Sánchez-Vera et al, 2005). Folic acid (FA) (Walter et al, 2016) and Vitamin B12 (Vit B12) (O'Leary and Samman, 2010) are mainly obtained through diet, and are important coenzymes for DNA synthesis. The fetus requires high levels of FA and Vit B12, especially during late pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood folic acid, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels in pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

2016

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ABSTRACT. Deficiencies in nutrients such as folic acid and vitamin B12 may play a role in fetal growth restriction (FGR). However, whether folic acid, vitamin B12, or homocysteine is associated with FGR in Chinese populations remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between these nutrient deficiencies and FGR in pregnant Chinese women. We selected 116 mother and infant pairs, and categorized the neonates into the FGR, appropriate for gestational age, and large for gestational age groups. Birth weight, body length, head circumference, body mass index (BMI), and Rohrer's body index of the newborns were measured. Serum folic acid, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels were measured in mothers during the first three days of their hospital stay. Results showed that the FGR group exhibited reduced folic acid and vitamin B12 levels and elevated homocysteine levels than those in the other two groups. Folic acid and vitamin B12 levels were positively correlated with birth weight, head circumference, and BMI, whereas homocysteine level was negatively correlated with these variables. The FGR ratio in the folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency group was higher than that in the sufficiency group (χ 2 = 4.717 and 4.437, P = 0.029 and 0.035, respectively). In addition, elevated homocysteine was associated with FGR (χ 2 = 5.366, P = 0.021). In conclusion, we found that folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency was associated with elevated homocysteine levels, which may increase susceptibility to FGR.

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Vitamin B12 in Health and Disease

Cited by 350 publications

References 94 publications

Homocysteine, cysteine, folate and vitamin B12 status in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease

Homocysteine, cysteine, folate and vitamin B12 status in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease

Vitamin B-12 and Perinatal Health

Blood folic acid, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels in pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

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