Vitamin D deficiency in dengue fever patients' coinfected with H. pylori in Pakistan. A case-control study

Abstract

IntroductionDengue fever is a vector-borne disease with an estimate of 390 million persons getting the infection each year with a significant public health impact. It has been reported DENV patients with vitamin D deficiency led to severe form of dengue infection; while H. pylori coinfection alters vitamin D receptors leading to vitamin D deficiency. We hypothesize that DENV patient's having low vitamin D along with H. pylori coinfection could have worsen dengue severity as well as vitamin D deficiency. In this case-control study, we compared (I) the vitamin D deficiency in dengue fever cases with or without H. pylori coinfection, and (II) negative dengue fever as a control with or without H. pylori coinfection. We have also assessed the correlation between vitamin D levels and its effect on warning signs of the dengue fever. Further, we have investigated whether coinfection with H. pylori has any effect on warning signs in the dengue fever patients and the vitamin D deficiency in all serotypes of the dengue virus infected patients.MethodsIn this case control study the association of the vitamin D levels with age, gender and H. pylori coinfection in dengue fever hospitalized patients was assessed using chi-square and multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsFour hundred dengue fever patients with H. pylori coinfection were compared with 400 dengue negative controls with H. pylori coinfection. The mean age was 29.96 ± 10.5 and 29.88 ± 10.7 years among cases and controls, respectively. Most dengue fever patients with H. pylori coinfection were deficient in vitamin D compared with negative dengue controls with H. pylori coinfection. In multivariate logistic regression, the dengue cases with H. pylori coinfection were.056 times (95% CI: 0.024, 0.128, P = 0.000) more likely to have vitamin D “deficiency', while compared with the cases who did not have H. pylori coinfection.ConclusionThe present study proposes that vitamin D deficiency in dengue fever patients coinfected with H. pylori is much higher than the dengue fever negative controls coinfected with H. pylori. As hypothesized the DENV patient with H. pylori coinfection has vitamin D deficiency as well as increased dengue severity.

Vitamin D and Its Association with H. pylori Prevalence and Eradication: A Comprehensive Review

“…H. pylori co-infection in the setting of other infectious diseases or chronic conditions seems to be additionally associated with vitamin D deficiency. One study conducted on 800 dengue fever patients, divided into two equal groups based on H. pylori co-infection status, revealed that those individuals who were positive for the infection presented significantly lower vitamin D serum levels than dengue fever controls [ 36 ]. In patients with end-stage renal failure undergoing hemodialysis, a linear positive relationship between vitamin D levels and H. pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) serum antibodies was discovered [ 37 ].…”

Analysis of essential hematological parameters and nutrient levels of dengue patients aiming for quick recovery and sustainable immunity

“…11 A study suggests that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels through diet or supplementation may provide adequate immune protection against severe dengue illness. 12,13 A study determined that 40% of subjects had a B12 level below 200 pg/L, potentially leading to severe thrombocytopenia, slower platelet count recovery, and prolonged hospitalization in dengue fever patients. 14 A study in India analyzed the serum proteome of dengue patients, revealing significant changes in several proteins with biological functions.…”