Vitamin D Deficiency in Rats Causes Cardiac Dysfunction by Inducing Myocardial Insulin Resistance

Abstract

Scope Cause‐effect relationship between vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic abnormalities remains undefined. The aim is to investigate the role of vitamin D deficiency in cardiac failure, through possible involvement in myocardial insulin signaling. Methods and results Male SD rats (n = 6) are fed a normal diet (Con), vitamin D‐deficient diet [Con(‐)], or high‐fat, high fructose diet (HFHFrD) for 20 weeks. Cardiac hypertrophy and fetal gene program are confirmed in Con(‐) group. Cardiac dysfunction is assessed by echocardiography. Elevated renin, TGF‐β and collagen‐1α mRNAs, p‐ERK1/2, and perivascular fibrosis indicate cardiac remodeling in Con(‐) group. Increased serum insulin, triglycerides, and blood pressure, and decreased glucose tolerance and HDL cholesterol are observed in Con(‐) rats. Decreased p‐Akt/Akt, GLUT4, SOD2, and catalase, and increased NF‐κB, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 are observed in Con(‐) hearts. In H9c2 cells, calcitriol attenuates palmitate‐induced insulin resistance. VDR‐silenced H9c2 cells show reduced Akt phosphorylation, GLUT4 translocation, and 2‐NBDG uptake. Findings in Con(‐) and HFHFrD groups are comparable. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency in rats mimic high‐fat‐, high‐fructose‐induced metabolic syndrome and cardiac dysfunction. This study demonstrates that vitamin D deficiency is an independent risk factor for heart failure, at least in part, through induction of myocardial insulin resistance.

Musa balbisiana Fruit Rich in Polyphenols Attenuates Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Rats via Inhibition of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

“…Similarly, previous studies have shown that ANP and BNP are secreted in large amounts when cardiac hypertrophy occurs [1,31]. Increased myocardial fibrosis and collagen deposition are hallmarks of cardiac hypertrophy [13,32,33]. In the present study, histopathological examination of the heart tissue showed fibrosis in cardiac muscle along with the infiltration of acute and chronic inflammatory cells in the ISO group.…”

Methanolic Extract of Lysimachia Candida Lindl. Prevents High-Fat High-Fructose-Induced Fatty Liver in Rats: Understanding the Molecular Mechanism Through Untargeted Metabolomics Study

“…widely used by the native population of the northeastern region to cure different metabolic disease, to explore its potential role in preventing HFHF-induced fatty liver in SD rats. Previously, we and others showed that chronic feeding of highfat high-fructose diet causes increase in body weight, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia (Nizami et al, 2019). In the present study, we have observed a remarkable increase in body weight in the HFHF group indicating obesity in rats.…”

Correlation of Vitamin D with Inflammatory Cytokines, Atherosclerotic Parameters, and Lifestyle Factors in the Setting of Heart Failure: A 12-Month Follow-Up Study

“…In an animal model of vitamin D deficiency, decreased protein kinase B/Akt phosphorylation and reduced expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in cardiomyocytes was shown. This, in turn, resulted in insulin resistance by the myocardium, a significant downregulation of the endogenous antioxidant enzymes SOD2 and catalase, and diminished LVEF [41]. The high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency throughout the 12-month follow-up shown in our cohort of patients with HF may thus worsen or predispose them to alterations in glucose metabolism.…”