Background: Vitamin D (25-OHD) has an essential protective action on vascular endothelium and endothelial dysfunction is a risk valuable marker for risk of cardiovascular disorders, which are common among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Objective: the aim of this study was to detect the link between level of vitamin D and adhesive molecules biomarkers in Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Material and Methods:Two hundred Saudi patients with T2DM of both sexes (132 females and 68 males), their age range was 48-59 years, the diabetes chronicity range was 9-11years and their body mass index (BMI) range was 31 to 37 Kg/m 2 . All participants received oral hypoglycemic agents e.g. metformin and/or pioglitazone and were selected from the Internal Medicine Out-patient Clinic, King Abdulaziz Teaching Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Participants with respiratory failure, hepatitis, renal failure, heart failure, pregnancy and smokers excluded from the study. According to vitamin D level, participants were assigned to one of three groups: vitamin D deficiency group (A): 25-OHD <20 ng/ml, vitamin D insufficiency group (B): 25-OHD =20-30 ng/ml and normal vitamin D group(C) 25-OHD >30 ng/ml.
Results:The mean values of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin were significantly higher in vitamin D deficiency group (A) compared to vitamin D insufficiency group (B) and normal vitamin D group(C). Moreover, vitamin D showed a strong inverse relationship with VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin in the three groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion:There is an association between vitamin D deficiency and abnormal levels of adhesive molecules biomarkers in Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.