Vitamin D Levels in Asymptomatic Children and Adolescents with Atopy during the COVID-19 Era

Feketea, Gavriela; Vlacha, Vasiliki; Tsiros, Georgios; Voila, Panagiota; Pop, Raluca Maria; Bocşan, Ioana Corina; Stanciu, Luminita A.; Zdrenghea, Dumitru

doi:10.3390/jpm11080712

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Also, the median vit D level was higher in the children with a single episode of wheezing than in the control group. This could be explained by the fact that the control group consisted of older children, and in winter the serum level of vit D is reported to be lower in older children [35], as confirmed by the authors in previous studies [36,37]. In our study, significantly lower levels of vit D were found in children with recurrent wheezing than in either of those with a single episode, or in the control group, only at baseline evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Vitamin D Level and Immune Modulation in Children with Recurrent Wheezing

Feketea,

Vassilopoulou,

Andreescu

et al. 2024

Children

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Introduction and aim: A direct causal relationship between vitamin D (vit D) deficiency and recurrent wheezing has not been proven. The present study investigated the role of vit D in enhancing the risk of asthma or recurrent wheezing by modifying the intensity of the inflammatory process. Material and method: Forty children with wheezing presenting at the emergency service and sixteen healthy control subjects were included in the study. Children with wheezing were either in the first episode (20) or with recurrent wheezing (20). Children with chronic diseases, and other conditions that present with acute wheezing or that might influence the vit D level, were excluded. Blood samples were taken at presentation and 3–6 months later, to evaluate the serum levels of total IgE, vit D, IL-10 and IL-31. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 25 program, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results and conclusion. The vit D level was lower in patients with recurrent wheezing compared with those with a single episode and with the control group, and this increased with time. IL-10 was significantly higher in children with wheezing than in the control group, with the highest values in those with an acute episode of wheezing. IL-31 was higher in children with recurrent wheezing than in those with a first episode only at the initial point, while at the final time point it was lower. Low levels of vit D appear to be detected more frequently in recurrent wheezing than in simple wheezing. Immune modulation, as measured by Th2 status reflected by IL-10 and IL-31 levels, appears to depend on the wheezing phenotype and on the general health status.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Vitamin D Level and Immune Modulation in Children with Recurrent Wheezing

Feketea,

Vassilopoulou,

Andreescu

et al. 2024

Children

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“…As illustrated in Figure 1 , a total of 748 studies were identified through the initial searches in the above-mentioned databases; 317 were excluded due duplication among various databases and 256 papers were excluded by browsing the titles or abstracts. After retrieving 33 full-length manuscripts, 5 studies [ 12 , 13 , 20 – 22 ] were included into the current study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies (4/5) were retrospective studies. Three studies [ 12 , 20 , 21 ] focused on people age 1–18 years and 2 on infants [ 13 , 22 ]. Nearly half of the study population were males.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to serum 25(OH)D level, 3 studies [ 12 , 20 , 22 ] categorized serum vitamin D levels into vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency ( Figure 4 ). No significantly increased vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D insufficiency risk were seen, with pooled risk differences as 0.03 (95% CI=−0.11–0.18, P =0.64, I 2 =96%) and −0.01 (95% CI=−0.09–0.07, P =0.81, I 2 =81%), respectively, which indicates the proportions of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D insufficiency among children remained unchanged.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Serum Vitamin D Levels in People Under Age 18 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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Background During the COVID-19 pandemic the implementation of a range of measures to suppress transmission, such as social distancing and home confinement resulted in limited sunlight exposure and physical inactivity in people under age 18 years, which can elevate the risk of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. The aim of this study was to systemically evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on serum vitamin D levels in people under age 18 years. Material/Methods Following the PRISMA recommendations, we searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database for trials from inception to November 3, 2021. All trials assessing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on serum vitamin D levels in people under age 18 years were included and analyzed. Mean differences (MDs) of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) levels before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were calculated and pooled using a random-effects model. Risk differences were used to assess changes in the proportions of people under age 18 years with vitamin D deficiency. Results Our analysis included 5 studies comprising 4141 people under age 18 years. The combined result MD of serum 25(OH)D levels before and during the COVID-19 pandemic as 3.28 ng/mL, 95% CI=0.95–5.62 ng/mL, P <0.01] indicated serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower during the COVID-19 pandemic. The decreased serum 25(OH)D level was not observed among infants (age under 1 year) ( P =0.28). Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, the serum vitamin D levels of people under age 18 years were significantly lower and vitamin D supplementation for people under age 18 years might reduce the risk of COVID-19. More research is needed to validate the present findings.

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“…Vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women was shown to be associated with a lower rate of detection of specific IgE to food antigens in their children at the age of five years [ 26 ]. Sufficiency of Vitamin D appears to exert a protective role in the development of atopy and allergic diseases [ 27 , 28 ]. The Ω-3 fatty acids are a family of biologically active unsaturated fatty acids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and Omega-3 (Fatty Acid) Supplementation in Pregnancy for the Primary Prevention of Food Allergy in Children-Literature Review

et al. 2023

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During the last decades the prevalence of food allergy (FA), an adverse immune response to a specific food antigen, has risen, with negative effects on the quality of life (QoL) of many children and their families. The pathogenesis of FA is complex, involving both genetic and environmental factors. SPINK5, STAT6, HLA and FOXP3 are some of the genes that are reported to be implicated in FA development. Regarding environmental factors, particular interest has been focused on modification of the dietary habits of pregnant women for the primary prevention of FA. Specifically, Vitamin D and omega-3 (Ω-3) fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy may influence the development of FA in the offspring. Vitamin D is a hormone with various actions, including mediation of the immune system, reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines and promoting tolerance. Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy suppresses T-regulatory cells in the fetus, and Vitamin D supplementation might protect against FA development. Dietary Ω-3 fatty acids are found mainly in fish and vegetable oils. They are beneficial for human health, playing a role in the immune system as anti-inflammatory agents, and providing cell membrane stabilization with inhibition of antigen presentation. It is documented that maternal supplementation with Ω-3 during pregnancy may protect from allergic sensitization in the children. The aim of this literature review was to explore the potential preventive role of maternal supplementation during pregnancy with Vitamin D and Ω-3 in the development of FA in the offspring. With the prevalence of FA rising, all the possible protective mechanisms and measures for FA prevention need to be explored, starting with those that can be modified.

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Vitamin D Levels in Asymptomatic Children and Adolescents with Atopy during the COVID-19 Era

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Vitamin D Level and Immune Modulation in Children with Recurrent Wheezing

Vitamin D Level and Immune Modulation in Children with Recurrent Wheezing

Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Serum Vitamin D Levels in People Under Age 18 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Vitamin D and Omega-3 (Fatty Acid) Supplementation in Pregnancy for the Primary Prevention of Food Allergy in Children-Literature Review

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