Vitamin D3 supplementation (4000 IU/d for 1 y) eliminates differences in circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D between African American and white men

Garrett‐Mayer, Elizabeth; Wagner, Carol L.; Hollis, Bruce W.; Kindy, Mark S.; Gattoni‐Celli, Sebastiano

doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.034256

Cited by 30 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…These include associations with CDAI, muscle function, fatigue, QoL, maintenance of epithelial barrier function, decreased hospitalisations, reduced risk of surgery and cancer. In terms of dosage required to achieve these levels 20-25μg (800-1000 IU)/d vitamin D 3 appears sufficient to achieve a serum level of 50 nmol/l, and between 25 and 100μg (1000 and 4000 IU)/d to bring levels beyond 75 nmol/l (on average 50μg (2000 IU)/d is required for this purpose (114)(115)(116)(117)(118)(119)(120)(121)(122)(123) ). In the present study of Crohn's disease patients, we found that 50μg (2000 IU)/d increased mean 25(OH)D levels to 91·6 (95% CI 75·5, 107·6) nmol/l over winter months, which was significantly higher than levels in the placebo group 40·4 (95% CI 30·4, 50·4) nmol/l (P < 0·001) (34) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal vitamin D levels in Crohn's disease: a review

Raftery

O’Sullivan

2014

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Vitamin D deficiency is common among patients with Crohn's disease. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is the best measure of an individual's vitamin D status and current cut-off ranges for sufficiency are debatable. Several factors contribute to vitamin D deficiency in Crohn's disease. These include inadequate exposure to sunlight, inadequate dietary intake, impaired conversion of vitamin D to its active metabolite, increased catabolism, increased excretion and genetic variants in vitamin D hydroxylation and transport. The effects of low 25(OH)D on outcomes other than bone health are understudied in Crohn's disease. The aim of the present review is to discuss the potential roles of vitamin D and the possible levels required to achieve them. Emerging evidence suggests that vitamin D may have roles in innate and adaptive immunity, in the immune-pathogenesis of Crohn's disease, prevention of Crohn's disease-related hospitalisations and surgery, in reducing disease severity and in colon cancer prevention. The present literature appears to suggest that 25(OH)D concentrations of ≥75 nmol/l may be required for non-skeletal effects; however, further research on optimal levels is required.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal vitamin D levels in Crohn's disease: a review

Raftery

O’Sullivan

2014

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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“…Nowadays, it is more readily accepted that humans are different from rats, as a species as well as in terms of weight for determining treatment doses, and that rickets prevention is not the only vitamin D action to be taken into account. The daily requirement does of course depend on what the optimal target 25-OH-D serum level is considered to be: for a 25-OH-D serum level of 50 nmol/liter, 800-1000 IU/day of vitamin D appears sufficient, but to bring most people above the 75 nmol/liter level, a dosage of between 1000 and 4000 IU/day (depending on the individual, but on average 2000 IU/day) is required [Heaney et al 2003a[Heaney et al , 2009Grant and Holick, 2005;Hollis, 2005;BischoffFerrari et al 2006BischoffFerrari et al , 2009bBischoffFerrari et al , 2012Vieth, 2006;Hall et al 2010;Schwalfenberg et al 2010;Whiting and Calvo, 2010;Cashman et al 2011;Garrett-Mayer et al 2012;Holick, 2011Holick, , 2012. However, vitamin D intake via (unfortified) food is very marginal in normal Western diets, even in those considered well balanced, and generally provides less than 100-200 IU/day, rarely reaching little more than 400 IU/day with fortified food [Calvo et al 2004;Moore et al 2005;Välimäki et al 2007;O'Donnell et al 2008;Vatanparast et al 2010;von Geldern and Mowry, 2012].…”

Section: Vitamin D Requirements and Insufficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of vitamin D insufficiency to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis

Pierrot‐Deseilligny

Souberbielle

2013

Ther Adv Neurol Disord

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Abstract:The contribution of vitamin D insufficiency to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is reviewed. Among the multiple recently discovered actions of vitamin D, an immunomodulatory role has been documented in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and in humans. This action in the peripheral immune system is currently the main known mechanism through which vitamin D might influence MS, but other types of actions could be involved within the central nervous system. Furthermore, vitamin D insufficiency is widespread in temperate countries and in patients with MS at the earliest stages of the disease, suggesting that the deleterious effects related to vitamin D insufficiency may be exerted in these patients. In fact, many genetic and environmental risk factors appear to interact and contribute to MS. In genetics, several human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles (more particularly HLA-DRB1*1501) could favour the disease whereas some others could be protective. Some of the genes involved in vitamin D metabolism (e.g. CYP27B1) also play a significant role. Furthermore, three environmental risk factors have been identified: past Epstein-Barr virus infection, vitamin D insufficiency and cigarette smoking. Interactions between genetic and environmental risk or protective factors may occur during the mother's pregnancy and could continue during childhood and adolescence and until the disease is triggered in adulthood, therefore possibly modulating the MS risk throughout the first decades of life. Furthermore, some clinical findings already strongly suggest that vitamin D status influences the relapse rate and radiological lesions in patients with MS, although the results of adequately powered randomized clinical trials using vitamin D supplementation have not yet been reported. While awaiting these incontrovertible results, which might be long in coming, patients with MS who are currently in vitamin D insufficiency should be supplemented, at least for their general health status, using moderate doses of the vitamin.

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“…Vitamin D supplementation for one year in both African-Americans and Caucasians in one study corrected the serum 25(OH)D discrepancy (24.1 ng/ml versus 37.2 ng/ml) after just two months of treatment, reaching a final 67.7 ng/ml and 67.3 ng/ml at one year, respectively. [2] Furthermore, a significantly higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was found in patients undergoing revision TJA for PJI compared to both primary TJA and aseptic loosening revision groups, with 13.29 ng/ml versus 20.52 ng/ml, respectively. [9] Interestingly, serum 25(OH)D shows an inverse relationship with C-reactive protein, although the significance of this relationship is not completely understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many experts believe 30 ng/mL 25(OH)D reflects a minimum threshold for both skeletal and non-skeletal benefits, with an optimal range between 36 and 40 ng/ml. [2][3][4][20][21][22] The Endocrine Society recommends 1500-2000 IU D3 daily to meet these goals, and 50,000 IU D2 or D3 weekly for 8 weeks is recommended when deficiency is identified. [10] Surgical site infections (SSIs) in the setting of TJA can have catastrophic consequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploration of Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D in Total Joint Arthroplasty within a Subtropical Climate

Naylor

King²,

Voges³

et al. 2017

ReconRev

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Background: The importance of appropriate serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] for multiple health measures is widely described, however, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency remains remarkably high. The goal of our study is to explore the distribution of vitamin D deficiency among an elective total joint arthroplasty (TJA) population within a lower latitude climate with relatively abundant sunshine. We hypothesize this group will demonstrate a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, thus exposing a potential opportunity to improve outcomes with proper identification and management.Methods: From January to December, 2014, serum 25(OH)D levels were collected during a standard preoperative workup prior to primary or revision joint arthroplasty in South Carolina. Mean serum 25(OH)D, seasonal variation, and patient demographics were recorded. We defined Vitamin D deficiency consistent with the current Endocrine Society classification: serum 25(OH)D < 20 ng/ml, 21-29 ng/ml, and 30-100 ng/ml representing deficiency, insufficiency, and normal, respectively.Results: A total of 308 patients underwent evaluation. 46.8% (144) of the participants were female, and 89.6% (276) identified as Caucasian. The mean patient age was 68.3 years ±13.8 (32-88

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Vitamin D3 supplementation (4000 IU/d for 1 y) eliminates differences in circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D between African American and white men

Abstract: The results of this clinical study show the feasibility and efficacy of this approach in the elimination of hypovitaminosis D, which is a widespread health disparity among African Americans. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01045109.

Cited by 30 publications

References 32 publications

Optimal vitamin D levels in Crohn's disease: a review

Optimal vitamin D levels in Crohn's disease: a review

Contribution of vitamin D insufficiency to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis

Exploration of Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D in Total Joint Arthroplasty within a Subtropical Climate

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