Vitamin E and Respiratory Tract Infections in Elderly Nursing Home Residents

Meydani, Simin Nikbin; Leka, Lynette S.; Fine, Basil C.; Dallal, Gerard E.; Keusch, Gerald T.; Singh, Maria Fiatarone; Hamer, Davidson H.

doi:10.1001/jama.292.7.828

Cited by 281 publications

(235 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…We have previously demonstrated a beneficial effect of vitamin E on T cell-mediated immune function in the aged, in both human clinical trials and in animal studies. The effects include improvement in delayed type hypersensitivity response, in vitro T cell proliferation, and IL-2 production (33)(34)(35) and improved resistance to respiratory infections (36,37). We further demonstrated that naive, but not memory, T cells from old mice displayed the greatest age-related defects, and were uniquely responsive to vitamin E supplementation, resulting in increased cell divisions and IL-2 production in response to TCRmediated stimulation in these cells (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

Age-Associated Decline in Effective Immune Synapse Formation of CD4+ T Cells Is Reversed by Vitamin E Supplementation

Marko

Ahmed

Bunnell

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

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Aging is associated with reduced IL-2 production and T cell proliferation. Vitamin E supplementation, in aged animals and humans, increases cell division and IL-2 production by naive T cells. The immune synapse forms at the site of contact between a T cell and an APC and participates in T cell activation. We evaluated whether vitamin E affects the redistribution of signaling proteins to the immune synapse. Purified CD4+ T cells, from the spleens of young and old mice, were treated with vitamin E before stimulation with a surrogate APC expressing anti-CD3. Using confocal fluorescent microscopy, we observed that CD4+ T cells from old mice were significantly less likely to recruit signaling proteins to the immune synapse than cells from young mice. Vitamin E increased the percentage of old CD4+ T cells capable of forming an effective immune synapse. Similar results were found following in vivo supplementation with vitamin E. When compared with memory cells, naive T cells from aged mice were more defective in immune synapse formation and were more responsive to vitamin E supplementation. These data show, for the first time, that vitamin E significantly improves age-related early T cell signaling events in naive CD4+ T cells.

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mentioning

confidence: 73%

Age-Associated Decline in Effective Immune Synapse Formation of CD4+ T Cells Is Reversed by Vitamin E Supplementation

Marko

Ahmed

Bunnell

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

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“…Flavonols along with other flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds influence the immune system and inflammatory cells (Middleton et al, 2000) and have antimicrobial properties (Conti et al, 1998;Middleton et al, 2000;Puupponen-Pimiä et al, 2001). The most convincing evidence on the efficacy of vitamins in CC treatment or prevention concerns people whose immune system may not function optimally or who are under exceptional stress (Hemilä et al, 2002(Hemilä et al, , 2004Meydani et al, 2004). The participants in the current study were healthy adults who exercised moderately and very few smoked.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of sea buckthorn berries on infections and inflammation: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

et al. 2007

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Objective: To study the effect of sea buckthorn berries on the number and duration of common cold (CC) infections. As secondary objectives the effects on digestive and urinary tract infections (DTI, UTI), and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were also investigated. Subjects: A total of 254 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive sea buckthorn or placebo product during the study, which 233 of them completed. Results: There were no significant differences in the number or duration of CC or DTI between groups (CC: relative risks (sea buckthorn vs placebo) for the number and duration were 1.15 (95% CI 0.90-1.48) and 1.05 (95% CI 0.87-1.27), respectively). In the sea buckthorn group, as compared to the placebo, the serum CRP concentrations decreased significantly (difference in median change À0.059 mg/l, P ¼ 0.039). The number of UTI was too small to draw solid conclusions, but the results indicate the subject merits further investigation. Conclusion: Sea buckthorn berries did not prevent CC or DTI. However, a reductive effect on CRP, a marker of inflammation, and a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, was detected.

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“…Vitamin E supplementation in animal and human subjects resulted in increased lymphocyte proliferation, IL-2 production, and decreased production of the immunosuppressive factor PGE 2 (4,5). Furthermore, vitamin E supplementation was shown to reduce the risk of acquiring upper respiratory infection in the elderly (6) and influenza infection in old mice (7). Vitamin E exerts its effect on immune function in part by reducing macrophage PGE 2 production (4).…”

Section: ) Mo Et Al (2) Stimulated Purified Cd4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and Vitamin E-Induced Changes in Gene Expression Profiles of T Cells

Han

Adolfsson

Lee

et al. 2006

The Journal of Immunology

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T cells are vulnerable to age-associated changes. Vitamin E has been shown to improve T cell functions in the old. We studied gene expression profiles of T cells to better understand the underlying mechanisms of age and vitamin E-induced changes in T cell function. Young and old C57BL mice were fed diets containing 30 (control) or 500 (supplemented) ppm of vitamin E for 4 wks. Gene expression profiles of T cells were assessed using microarray analysis with/without anti-CD3/anti-CD28 stimulation. Genes associated with cytokines/chemokines, transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, cell cycle, and apoptosis were significantly up-regulated upon stimulation. Higher SOCS3 and lower growth factor independent 1 (Gfi-1) expression in old T cells may contribute to age-associated decline in proliferation. Higher Gadd45 and lower Bcl2 expression may contribute to increased apoptosis in old T cells. Vitamin E supplementation resulted in higher expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation (Ccnb2, Cdc2, Cdc6) in old T cells. Vitamin E supplementation resulted in higher up-regulation of IL-2 expression in young and old T cells and lower up-regulation of IL-4 expression in old T cells following stimulation. These findings suggest that aging has significant effects on the expression of genes associated with signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, and apoptosis pathways in T cells, and vitamin E has a significant impact on the expression of genes associated with cell cycle and Th1/Th2 balance in old T cells. Further studies are needed to determine whether these changes are due to the effects of aging at a single-cell level or to the shift in the ratio of naïve:memory T cells with age.

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Vitamin E and Respiratory Tract Infections in Elderly Nursing Home Residents

Cited by 281 publications

References 45 publications

Age-Associated Decline in Effective Immune Synapse Formation of CD4+ T Cells Is Reversed by Vitamin E Supplementation

Age-Associated Decline in Effective Immune Synapse Formation of CD4+ T Cells Is Reversed by Vitamin E Supplementation

Effects of sea buckthorn berries on infections and inflammation: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Age and Vitamin E-Induced Changes in Gene Expression Profiles of T Cells

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