Vitamin E: non-antioxidant roles

Azzi, Angelo; Stocker, Achim

doi:10.1016/s0163-7827(00)00006-0

Cited by 428 publications

(284 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…Indeed, the two representative forms of vitamin E have different healthy properties that make γ-tocopherol a less powerful antioxidant than R-tocopherol. On the other hand, γ-tocopherol represents the "other" vitamin E for human health (28) by trapping peroxynitrite formed in excess during inflammation (29). To date, little is known about the specific roles of R-and γ-tocopherol in different plant tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation with Diluted Seawater Improves the Nutritional Value of Cherry Tomatoes

Sgherri

Kadlecová

Pardossi

et al. 2008

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The aim of this study was to assess whether the nutritional value of cherry tomato can be improved by irrigating plants with diluted seawater (12%; EC ) 10 mS/cm in comparison with a control at EC ) 4 mS/cm). Berries of cherry tomato cv. Naomi were analyzed at the red-ripe stage for the contents of NADPH and NADP + as well as for the amounts of the main antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid, lipoic acid, tocopherols, and phenolic acids. As compared to the controls, the fruits of salt-treated plants showed a higher titratable acidity and a higher concentration of reducing sugars. The fruits picked from tomato plants irrigated with diluted seawater produced berries characterized by a higher nutritional value. Following salinity, berries showed higher amounts of vitamin C, vitamin E, dihydrolipoic acid, and chlorogenic acid. It was hypothesized that protocatechuic, vanillic, caffeic, and ferulic acids were utilized to counteract the damaging effects of salinity-induced oxidative stress, allowing tomato fruits to maintain a high reduced status even following salinization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation with Diluted Seawater Improves the Nutritional Value of Cherry Tomatoes

Sgherri

Kadlecová

Pardossi

et al. 2008

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…10 Vitamin E's effects are however not restricted to its role as an antioxidant as, for example, it is known to be a potent stimulator of xenobiotic metabolism both in vivo and in vitro. 11,12 However, the long-term benefits of vitamin E supplementation appear confused. Some studies suggest supplementation can ameliorate various cardiovascular, neurological, and oxidative stress parameters in mammals, [13][14][15] and others report little or no effect.…”

Section: Introduction Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Indeed, dietary vitamin E deficiency is associated with various pathologies, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, and various cancers. 11 The effects on life span following vitamin E supplementation in animal models are similarly confused. Using a comparative approach, Zou et al 17 reported that ␥-tocopherol, but not ␣-tocopherol, extended life span in Caenorhabditis elegans, but that neither isoform had any life span effect in Drosophila melanogastor or Anastrepha ludens.…”

Section: Introduction Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifelongα-Tocopherol Supplementation Increases the Median Life Span of C57BL/6 Mice in the Cold but Has Only Minor Effects on Oxidative Damage

Selman

McLaren

Mayer

et al. 2008

Rejuvenation Research

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. (2008) Lifelongα-tocopherol supplementation increases the median life span of C57BL/6 mice in the cold but has only minor effects on oxidative damage. Rejuvenation Research, 11 (1 ABSTRACTThe effects of dietary antioxidant supplementation on oxidative stress and life span are confused. We maintained C57BL/6 mice at 7 ؎ 2°C and supplemented their diet with ␣-tocopherol from 4 months of age. Supplementation significantly increased (p ‫؍‬ 0.042) median life span by 15% (785 days, n ‫؍‬ 44) relative to unsupplemented controls (682 days, n ‫؍‬ 43) and also increased maximum life span (oldest 10%, p ‫؍‬ 0.028). No sex or sex by treatment interaction effects were observed on life span, with treatment having no effect on resting or daily metabolic rate. Lymphocyte and hepatocyte oxidative DNA damage and hepatic lipid peroxidation were unaffected by supplementation, but hepatic oxidative DNA damage increased with age. Using a cDNA macroarray, genes associated with xenobiotic metabolism were significantly upregulated in the livers of female mice at 6 months of age (2 months supplementation). At 22 months of age (18 months supplementation) this response had largely abated, but various genes linked to the p21 signaling pathway were upregulated at this time. We suggest that ␣-tocopherol may initially be metabolized as a xenobiotic, potentially explaining why previous studies observe a life span extension generally when lifelong supplementation is initiated early in life. The absence of any significant effect on oxidative damage suggests that the life span extension observed was not mediated via any antioxidant properties of ␣-tocopherol. We propose that the life span extension observed following ␣-tocopherol supplementation may be mediated via upregulation of cytochrome p450 genes after 2 months of supplementation and/or upregulation of p21 signaling genes after 18 months of supplementation. However, these signaling pathways now require further investigation to establish their exact role in life span extension following ␣-tocopherol supplementation. 83

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“…Além disso, a absorção dos tocoferóis pelo organismo é seletiva e o α-tocoferol tem predominância sobre os demais (β, γ, e δ-tocoferol), que não são absorvidos ou o são apenas em pequenas proporções. Portanto, o valor nutricional dos tocoferóis, em termos de atividade de vitamina E, é determinado pela concentração de α-tocoferol (BRIGELIUS-FLOHÉ; TRABER, 1999;AZZI;STOCKER, 2000), sendo sua IDR igual a 10 mg α-tocoferol equivalente (α-TE) ou 1,49 unidades internacionais (UI) (BRASIL, 2005). A importância da vitamina E também está relacionada com sua função antioxidante que mantém a integridade dos tecidos, além de desempenhar importantes papéis nos processos biológicos (HIRSCHBERG, 1999).…”

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α-, β-caroteno e α-tocoferol em algas marinhas in natura

Sousa¹,

Pires²,

Alencar³

et al. 2008

Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.

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CP 6043, Brasil, sakersil@gmail.com *A quem a correspondência deve ser enviada α-, β-caroteno e α-tocoferol em algas marinhas in natura α-and β-carotene, and α-tocopherol in fresh seaweeds Márcia Barbosa de SOUSA 1 , Kelma Maria dos Santos PIRES 1 , Daniel Barroso de ALENCAR 1 , Alexandre Holanda SAMPAIO 1 , Silvana SAKER-SAMPAIO 1 * IntroduçãoAs macroalgas marinhas constituem um grupo heterogêneo de vegetais encontrados abundantemente em todos os ecossistemas. São fonte de uma grande variedade de compostos benéficos para o homem, apresentando diversas aplicações em nutrição animal e humana (URBANO; GOÑI, 2002), indústria de alimentos (MAMATHA et al., 2007), fertilização do solo (BLUNDEN, 1991) e outras áreas biotecnológicas (FARIAS; NAZARETH; MOURÃO, 2001;LIMA et al., 2004). Durante as últimas décadas, a comunidade científica demonstrou interesse crescente pelo estudo dos carotenóides e das vitaminas lipossolúveis, que podem estar associados com a redução de doenças cardiovasculares e outras doenças degenerativas (WILLIS; WIANS-Jr, 2003;JOHNSON, 2004).Os carotenóides são pigmentos naturais que se destacam principalmente devido a sua ampla distribuição nos seres vivos, grande diversidade estrutural e numerosas funções fisiológicas, dentre as quais, a principal é atuar como precursores de vitamina A nos animais (BRITTON; LIAAEN-JENSEN; PFANDER, 1995).A vitamina A dietária dá origem a uma variedade de metabólitos ativos, coletivamente conhecidos como retinóides, compostos por retinóis, retinais e ácidos retinóicos, dependendo do grupo terminal polar (NOY, 2000). A maior parte do β-caroteno e de outros carotenóides provitamina A é convertida em retinol (OLSON, 1989;ARMSTRONG;HEARST, 1996;ARMSTRONG, 1997), mas eles não são considerados micronutrientes essenciais e não existe uma Ingestão Diária Recomendada (IDR) específica. Apesar disso, no cômputo da atividade vitamina A dos alimentos, referida como retinol equivalente (RE), eles são levados em consideração. De acordo com a Resolução de Diretoria Colegiada (RDC) N o 269, de 22 de setembro de 2005, da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, do Ministério da Saúde, que trata da IDR de vitaminas, minerais e proteínas para indivíduos e diferentes grupos populacionais, a IDR de vitamina A consiste em 600 µg de RE para adultos. Cada 1 µg de β-caroteno corresponde a 0,167 µg de RE e cada 1 µg de outros carotenóides provitamina A, a 0,084 µg de RE (BRASIL, 2005). AbstractThe aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of 32 marine macro algae species, members of Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta and Phaeophyta, as sources of α-carotene, β-carotene and α-tocopherol. Both β-carotene and α-carotene were found in all species of green macroalgae analyzed. The maximum content of α-carotene was detected in algae belonging to Caulerpa genus and the minimum in Codium decorticatum. The amount of β-carotene found was minimum in Caulerpa mexicana and maximum in Ulva fasciata. Among the Rhodophyta species, eleven contain α-carotene, the maximum content was found in Botryocladia occidental...

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Vitamin E: non-antioxidant roles

Cited by 428 publications

References 142 publications

Irrigation with Diluted Seawater Improves the Nutritional Value of Cherry Tomatoes

Irrigation with Diluted Seawater Improves the Nutritional Value of Cherry Tomatoes

Lifelongα-Tocopherol Supplementation Increases the Median Life Span of C57BL/6 Mice in the Cold but Has Only Minor Effects on Oxidative Damage

α-, β-caroteno e α-tocoferol em algas marinhas in natura

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