Vitamin E Prevents Increase in Oxidative Damage to Lipids and DNA in Liver of ODS Rats Given Total Body X-ray Irradiation

Abstract

We examined the effects of dietary vitamin E (VE) on oxidative damage to DNA and lipids in the liver a few days after total body irradiation (TBI). ODS rats, which lack vitamin C synthesis, were fed either a low VE diet (4.3 mg VE/kg) or a basal VE diet (75.6 mg VE/kg) for 5 weeks while vitamin C was supplied in the drinking water. The VE level in the liver of the low VE group was lower and the levels of lipid peroxides were higher compared to those of the basal VE group: the relative levels in the two groups were 1:30 for VE, 18:1 for 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), and 10:1 for hexanal (HA). The level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8OHdG), a marker of oxidative DNA damage, did not differ between the low VE and the basal VE groups. When the rats received TBI at the dose of 3 Gy and were killed on day 6, the levels of HNE, HA and 8OHdG increased by 2.2-, 2-, and 1.5-times, respectively, in the low VE group, but TBI did not cause such increases in the basal VE group. Changes in antioxidative enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and Cu/Zn-SOD) in the liver could not explain the different responses of the two diet groups to TBI-induced oxidative damage. The concentrations of vitamin C and glutathione in the liver did not differ between the two groups. These results suggest that dietary VE can prevent the oxidative damage to DNA and lipids in the liver which appear a few days after TBI at dose of 3 Gy.

Selenium and Vitamin E Modulates Radiation-Induced Liver Toxicity in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Rat: Effects of Colemanite and Hematite Shielding

“…One of the consequences of exposure to ionizing radiation (X-ray and γ-ray) is enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals [2,3]. These species and/or other free radicals may be involved in the interactions of ionizing radiation on biological systems, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in this process are still poorly understood [1][2][3][4][5]. Exposure to 7-Gy ionizing radiation may cause an increase in lipid peroxidation levels and a decrease in the activity of enzymes and vitamins that prevent or protect against lipid peroxidation (LP) in liver.…”

Protective Role of Royal Jelly Against Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats

“…The degree of acute complications depends on numerous factors, including the radiation dose, its scheduled administration, the stage of the cell within the cell cycle, the levels of cellular antioxidant defense system, and the availability of oxygen in the tissues. 2,3,4,5,[21][22][23][24][25][26] Several drugs and substances may reduce the side effect of radiation. These are known as protectors.…”

“…ROS also affects antioxidant defense system, reduces the intracellular consentration of GSH-Px and decrease of the activity of CAT and SOD. 2,4,7,10,[22][23][24][25][26] Seperate administration of RJ significantly decreased the MDA levels. CAT, SOD, GSH-Px are a well-known antioxidant which provides major protection in oxidative injury.…”

“…The rats were quarantined for at least ten days before irradiation, housed in eight per group to a cage in a windowless laboratory room. Animals were housed at [22][23][24] 0 C in a continuously ventilated environment with a lighting period of 12 h dark and 12 h light. Throughout the study, the animals were provided with ad libitum rat feed (2600 kcal/kg ME, 7% crude cellulose, and 23% crude protein) and drinking water.…”

“…The decrease in tissue antioxidant enzyme levels may be due to its consumption during the oxidative stress induced by irradiation and these findings are confirmed by other authors . 2,4,7,10,[22][23][24][25][26] The preconditioning actions of RJ can exert protective effects, by up regulation of the antioxidant system and the reduction in reactive oxygen species. It may proposed that RJ is an activator of antioxidant enzymes.…”