Vitamin–mineral treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity
                        disorder in adults: double-blind randomised placebo-controlled
                        trial

Rucklidge, Julia J.; Frampton, Chris; Gorman, Brigette; Boggis, Anna

doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.113.132126

Cited by 96 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Two recent studies found that vitamin and mineral supplementation resulted in significant reductions in ADHD symptoms in both children and adults with ADHD. 36,37 In the case of children, these reductions were reversed when the treatment was withdrawn. This kind of approach makes physiologic sense, considering that nutrients are required for many critical biochemical reactions and because it is unlikely that 1 nutrient by itself would resolve all vulnerabilities present in a complex disorder such as ADHD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediterranean Diet and ADHD in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2017

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OBJECTIVES: Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been related to nutrient deficiencies and "unhealthy" diets, to date there are no studies that examined the relationship between the Mediterranean diet and ADHD. We hypothesized that a low adherence to a Mediterranean diet would be positively associated with an increase in ADHD diagnosis. METHODS:A total of 120 children and adolescents (60 with newly diagnosed ADHD and 60 controls) were studied in a sex-and age-matched case-control study. ADHD diagnosis was made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision. Energy, dietary intake, adherence to a Mediterranean diet, and familial background were measured. Logistic regression was used to determine associations between the adherence to a Mediterranean diet and ADHD. RESULTS:Lower adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with ADHD diagnosis (odds ratio: 7.07; 95% confidence interval: 2.65-18.84; relative risk: 2.80; 95% confidence interval: 1.54-5.25). Both remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders. Lower frequency of consuming fruit, vegetables, pasta, and rice and higher frequency of skipping breakfast and eating at fast-food restaurants were associated with ADHD diagnosis (P < .05). High consumption of sugar, candy, cola beverages, and noncola soft drinks (P < .01) and low consumption of fatty fish (P < .05) were also associated with a higher prevalence of ADHD diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS: Although these cross-sectional associations do not establish causality, they raise the question of whether low adherence to a Mediterranean diet might play a role in ADHD development. Our data support the notion that not only "specific nutrients" but also the "whole diet" should be considered in ADHD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediterranean Diet and ADHD in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2017

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“…19 Several stimulant (eg, methylphenidate, amphetamine salts) and nonstimulant medications (eg, guanfacine, atomoxetine) are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for ADHD management, with large effect sizes (Cohen d 5 0.9) reported for stimulant medications. 20 Likewise, although with smaller effect sizes (Cohen d 5 0.3), dietary interventions, including single nutrient supplements, 21 multinutrient supplements, 22,23 and supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids, [24][25][26][27] have received more empirical attention in the past 10 years and are now used more in ADHD management. Nonetheless, these biological interventions are not be considered in this review.…”

Section: Front-line Interventions For Attention-deficit/hyperactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial Interventions in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Antshel¹

2015

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common reason for referral to child and adolescent psychiatry clinics. Although stimulant medications represent an evidence-based approach to managing ADHD, psychosocial interventions for child/adolescent ADHD target functional impairments as the intervention goal, and rely heavily on behavioral therapy techniques and operant conditioning principles. Evidence-based psychosocial interventions for managing pediatric ADHD include behavioral parent training, school-based interventions relying on behavioral modification, teaching skills, and operant conditioning principles, and intensive summer treatment programs. The use of conjoint psychosocial treatments with ADHD medications may enable lower doses of each form of treatment.

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“…The numerous “alternative” or “nonmedical” treatments that have been proposed for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) over the years include several kinds of dietary interventions, including single nutrient supplements, 1 multinutrient supplements, 2,3 supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids, 4–7 and others. Among the most enduring ideas has been the use of a food restriction or food elimination diet, hereafter referred to simply as an elimination diet.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%