Vivre et faire vivre à crédit : agents économiques ordinaires et institutions financières dans les situations d'endettement

La forme financiarisée de la relation de crédit des collectivités locales françaises. De la crise à l’institutionnalisation .

“…Les marges naissaient du rôle de revendeur de produits financiers qu'avait Dexia auprès des banques de contrepartie. Cet enracinement des circuits de l'emprunt structuré dans la finance de marché questionne dans cette optique la problématisation de la dette locale par l'offre bancaire et l'instrumentalisation du prêt aux collectivités locales en vue de nouvelles sources de profit (Wissler, 1989 ;Lacan et al, 2009). au quotidien, avaient déjà été une cible bien repérée et privilégiée des banques d'affaire (Crossfield, 1996).…”

Le crédit donné aux pauvres

“…Based on a series of field studies on banking, social, and microcredit professionals, and on the analysis of the channels for requesting and granting loans, this article aims at shedding light on the processes that drive institutions and actors with apparently divergent interests to participate together in the production of a financial market, neither completely public, nor completely private -that of credit to the poor. L e microcrédit, dans ses versions tant professionnelles que personnelles, suscite, depuis une quinzaine d'années, l'adhésion croissante (Lacan et al, 2009) à la fois des institutions d'action sociale et des banques, organisations pourtant fort différentes du point de vue de leurs ambitions et de leurs intérêts. Les premières voient dans ce service offert aux bénéficiaires de leurs aides sociales à la fois un outil performant d'éducation à l'autonomie et à la responsabilisation (Astier, 2007) et un moyen d'accès à des financements désormais difficilement mobilisables du côté de fonds accordés sans remboursement.…”

Toward a relational sociology of credit: an exploration of the French literature

“…It has been analysed as a highly specific market characterized by its fundamental uncertainty (Beckert, 1996, Ferrary, 1999Uzzi, 1999;Guseva, 2008, Poon, 2009Carruthers, 2013, etc.). While the sub-prime mortgage crisis demonstrated its potential for economic destabilization, and has given rise to an impressive number of academic publications by historians, economists, sociologists, and political scientists, credit had already been of interest to researchers for many years (Leyshon and Thrift, 1999;Guseva and Rona-Tas, 2001;Langley, 2008;Poon, 2009;Lacan et al, 2009;Lazarus, 2009;Hyman, 2011;Ossandó n, 2012;Carruthers and Ariovich, 2013). Coming from multiple institutional contexts and different disciplines, this research showcases that credit stands at the crossroads of multiple social issues: consumption, the learning of 'modern' financial management practices at a household level, social protection policies, and the transfer of social risks from states to individuals in the context of the 'financialization of economies'.…”

“…This article aims to present the way in which French sociology addresses the issue of personal credit in France-a market that is little-financialized, gives limited space to credit cards, is devoid of fringe banking because of price ceilings on credit, and has 'institutional barriers to credit extension' (Ramsay, 2017, p. 107). Within this landscape, the 'French school of the sociology of credit' has focused more on credit as a social institution producing norms and values than on the construction of the market as such (Lacan et al, 2009). The works produced by French sociologists of credit have a particular coherence due to their close academic collaborations: group seminars over many years; special issues of journals; workshops, conferences, and round tables; even collective surveys have highlighted common issues despite a wide variation in survey subjects, questions, and theoretical frameworks.…”