VLSI implementation of routing tables: tries and CAMs

Pei, T.-B.; Zukowski, C.

doi:10.1109/infcom.1991.147548

Cited by 38 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…'X' means always matching condition regardless of the search input S as elaborated in Table I by the masking of the search input. This feature of TCAM is very useful in networking when the packet forwarding is to be done [13]. In CAM, only two combinations of two bits are used but actually four combinations are formed.…”

Section: B Working As a Tcammentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of High-Speed Energy-Efficient Masking Error Immune PentaMTJ-Based TCAM

Gupta

Hasan

2015

IEEE Trans. Magn.

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The main challenge in ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) design is to reduce the power consumption associated with searching without the increase in delay. This paper proposes a novel pentaMTJ based TCAM and then compares its delay and power consumption with the previously reported MTJ based TCAM. TCAM comprises of PentaMTJ cell which is used for the storage of information and a pre-charge sense amplifier (PCSA) for its sensing. A VerilogA model of the PentaMTJ along with 45nm CMOS technology is used for the simulation. A power reduction of 17.64 times with minor delay degradation of 1.081 times is obtained compared to previously reported TCAMs. This leads to PDP improvement of 16.38 times for 576 bits TCAM.

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Section: B Working As a Tcammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Single clock parallel searching makes it faster than other hardware and software based searching options. CAM is widely used in high speed searching like parametric curve extraction [11], image coding [12] and forwarding Internet protocol packets in network routers [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of High-Speed Energy-Efficient Masking Error Immune PentaMTJ-Based TCAM

Gupta

Hasan

2015

IEEE Trans. Magn.

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“…TCAMs are commonly used in networking [46,29]. Recent work applies TCAM to a wider range of applications.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hashimi and Lipasti [21] propose a TCAM accelerator as a functional unit. Other applications of TCAM include decision tree training [25], search engines [13], spell checking [20], sequential pattern mining [31], packet classification [29], IP routing [46], parametric curve extraction [40], Hough transformation [42], Hu↵man encoding [35], Lempel-Ziv compression [58], image coding [45], and logic minimization [6].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A resistive TCAM accelerator for data-intensive computing

Guo

Bai

et al. 2011

Proceedings of the 44th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture

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Power dissipation and o↵-chip bandwidth restrictions are critical challenges that limit microprocessor performance. Ternary content addressable memories (TCAM) hold the potential to address both problems in the context of a wide range of data-intensive workloads that benefit from associative search capability. Power dissipation is reduced by eliminating instruction processing and data movement overheads present in a purely RAM based system. Bandwidth demand is lowered by processing data directly on the TCAM chip, thereby decreasing o↵-chip tra c. Unfortunately, CMOSbased TCAM implementations are severely power-and arealimited, which restricts the capacity of commercial products to a few megabytes, and confines their use to niche networking applications.This paper explores a novel resistive TCAM cell and array architecture that has the potential to scale TCAM capacity from megabytes to gigabytes. High-density resistive TCAM chips are organized into a DDR3-compatible DIMM, and are accessed through a software library with zero modifications to the processor or the motherboard. On applications that do not benefit from associative search, the TCAM DIMM is configured to provide ordinary RAM functionality. By tightly integrating TCAM with conventional virtual memory, and by allowing a large fraction of the physical address space to be made content-addressable on demand, the proposed memory system improves average performance by 4⇥ and average energy consumption by 10⇥ on a set of evaluated data-intensive applications.

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“…A TCAM organizes data in key-value pairs, and retrieves data by conducting an associative search on the stored keys. This capability has been applied to applications such as data mining [4], network routing [36], text processing [40], search engines [21], and image processing [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ac-Dimm

Guo

Patel

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the 40th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture

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With technology scaling, on-chip power dissipation and offchip memory bandwidth have become significant performance bottlenecks in virtually all computer systems, from mobile devices to supercomputers. An effective way of improving performance in the face of bandwidth and power limitations is to rely on associative memory systems. Recent work on a PCM-based, associative TCAM accelerator shows that associative search capability can reduce both off-chip bandwidth demand and overall system energy. Unfortunately, previously proposed resistive TCAM accelerators have limited flexibility: only a restricted (albeit important) class of applications can benefit from a TCAM accelerator, and the implementation is confined to resistive memory technologies with a high dynamic range ( R High R Low ), such as PCM. This work proposes AC-DIMM, a flexible, high-performance associative compute engine built on a DDR3-compatible memory module. AC-DIMM addresses the limited flexibility of previous resistive TCAM accelerators by combining two powerful capabilities-associative search and processing in memory. Generality is improved by augmenting a TCAM system with a set of integrated, user programmable microcontrollers that operate directly on search results, and by architecting the system such that key-value pairs can be colocated in the same TCAM row. A new, bit-serial TCAM array is proposed, which enables the system to be implemented using STT-MRAM. AC-DIMM achieves a 4.2× speedup and a 6.5× energy reduction over a conventional RAM-based system on a set of 13 evaluated applications.

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VLSI implementation of routing tables: tries and CAMs

Cited by 38 publications

References 5 publications

Design of High-Speed Energy-Efficient Masking Error Immune PentaMTJ-Based TCAM

Design of High-Speed Energy-Efficient Masking Error Immune PentaMTJ-Based TCAM

A resistive TCAM accelerator for data-intensive computing

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