Volatile compounds in the stem bark of Sclerocarya birrea (Anacardiaceae) possess antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori

Njume, Collise; Afolayan, Anthony Jide; Green, Ezekiel; Ndip, Roland N.

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.05.002

Cited by 40 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Interestingly, in drug-resistant strains, Combretum molle and Sclerocarya birrea were shown to be potentially effective in vitro [55,56]. The sap of the lacquer tree (Rhus verniciflua Stokes) was illustrated to have anti-H. pylori activity in a mouse model [57]. The effect of vitamin supplementation appears to be most useful in patients with low antioxidant activity.…”

Section: Adjuvant Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection 2012

et al. 2012

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Helicobacter pylori resistance rates to antibiotics vary in different countries and even in different regions of the same country. Choice of treatment is strongly dependent on antibiotic resistance rates. In some countries, triple therapy with a proton-pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin is still the best option, but eradication results fall short of what would be desired (90-95%) in countries with clarithromycin resistance >20%, bismuth-containing quadruple therapy, or nonbismuth sequential or concomitant therapies may then be the preferred option. Newer antibiotic regimens are awaited. Vaccination would be the best option, especially for developing countries, but little progress has been made in designing a vaccine.A considerable amount of work has been conducted over the last year assessing many issues around Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. These focussed primarily on assessing the efficacy of current standard triple therapy and exploring new first-line treatments. There was also progress in investigating antibiotic resistance rates, and the rescue therapies required to deal with ensuing treatment failures. There has also been an evolution in the use of adjunctive therapies. This article will address the published literature over the last year pertaining to these topics. Triple TherapyNumerous studies over the last year have assessed the efficacy of standard triple therapy with amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and a proton-pump inhibitor for the eradication of H. pylori, which have been perceived to be in decline in recent years. One such study looked at cure rates reported in all published literature from Spain between 1997 and 2008 and found that while cure rates have in fact been stable over that period, they remain inadequate with a mean cure rate of 80% by intention-to-treat and 83% by per-protocol [1]. Similar results were obtained from a multicenter study in Japan that revealed an eradication rate of 80.7% with an incidence of adverse drug reactions of 4.4% [2]. Other studies have looked at whether the efficacy of triple therapy can be improved by prolonging the course of therapy. In China, a study of shorter regimens showed eradication rates of 76, 89, and 91% for 3-day, 5-day, and 7-day regimens, respectively [3]. Increasing efficacy by prolongation of therapy was also noted in Greek patients, with eradication rates of 74.5% for 7 days, 80.6% for 10 days, and 90.2% for 14 days of therapy [4]. Another study showed that efficacy could be maintained when lower doses of medications were given, which reduced costs and side effects with cure rates of 77.2% for 10 mg rabeprazole, 500 mg amoxicillin, and 250 mg clarithromycin vs 78.9% for the standard 20 mg, 1 g, and 500 mg doses of these drugs [5].Regardless of the type of therapy used, study from Canada showed widespread failure to comply with test and treat in up to 10% of cases and a failure to confirm eradication in 32% [6]. This illustrates that efficacious first-line therapy will always depend on adherence to guidelines by phy...

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Section: Adjuvant Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection 2012

et al. 2012

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“…The anti-H. pylori activity of plant extracts, infusions or decoctions, as well as essential oils or other plant compounds is studied in vitro usually by way of the disc diffusion method or the micro-dilution method [1,4,5,7,9,11,15]. The latter is recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) in USA and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) for determining MIC of antimicrobial substances [18].…”

Section: Current Issues In Pharmacy and Medical Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity in vitro of chamomile flowers, coneflower herbs, peppermint leaves and thyme herbs – a preliminary report

Malm

Glowniak-Lipa

Korona-Głowniak

et al. 2015

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences

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Recently, several studies have been undertaken so as to develop more effective therapeutic approaches towards eradicating Helicobacter pylori. Among these is phytotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the activity in vitro of the plant extracts obtained from common herbs cultivated in the Lubelszczyzna region against the reference strain H. pylori ATCC 43504. Among these are thyme herbs, chamomile flowers, peppermint leaves and coneflower herbs. Herein, it was found that the MIC values of the assayed extracts were as follows: the extracts from coneflower herbs showed anti-H. pylori activity with MIC = 31.3-125 μg/ml; the extracts from chamomile flowers demonstrated MIC = 31.3-62.5 μg/ ml; the extracts from peppermint leaves had MIC = 15.6-250 μg/ml; and the extracts from thyme herbs revealed MIC = 15.6-62.5 μg/ml, depending on the solvent used. The most active were the extracts obtained with ethyl acetate or ethanol alcohol absolute 99.8%. These showing MIC within the range of 15.6-62.5 μg/ml, while the lowest activity was observed in case of the extract obtained with 70% aqueous ethanol. This last showing MIC within the range of 62.5-250 μg/ml. The MIC values of essential oil components were 15.6 μg/ml for bisabolol and menthol or 31.3 μg/ml for thymol. The obtained data indicate that the assayed herbs possessed promising anti-H. pylori bioactivity.

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“…Rich.) Hochst which demonstrated significant anti-H. pylori activity when compared to the other plants (Njume et al, 2011c). An acetone extract of the stem bark was fractionated by column chromatography and the volatile constituents identified by GC-MS. Terpinen-4-ol was identified to be the primary active constituent with inhibitory activity similar to amoxicillin; however, the authors indicated that high levels of the toxic compounds pyrrolidine and naphthalene also identified in the plant fraction warrant cautious use of S. birrea in ethnomedicine (Njume et al, 2011c).…”

Section: Surrogates To Circumvent Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

A South African perspective on Helicobacter pylori: Prevalence, epidemiology and antimicrobial chemotherapy

Nicoline¹,

Rol²,

Ndip³

2013

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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The spiral shaped Gram-negative bacterium, Helicobacter pylori colonizes the stomach of more than 50% of the world's population and can persist for a lifetime if not completely eradicated. High prevalence of the bacterium is common in most population although a majority of the infected patients remain asymptomatic; with only a small subset of infected people experiencing H. pylori-associated illnesses such as chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma as well as adenocarcinoma. H. pylori is common in South Africa with prevalence ranging from 50 -84% as depicted in the various studies conducted across the country. Infection is usually acquired in childhood and is associated with low socio-economic status, overcrowding, poor sanitation and unclean water supplies which appear to influence the rate of transmission. Eradication of this pathogen is a global challenge due to its alarming rate of drug resistance. Triple therapy consisting of a proton pump inhibitor and clarithromycin and either metronidazole or amoxicillin, is recommended for treatment. In this article, we review the major studies conducted based on H. pylori prevalence, epidemiology and antimicrobial chemotherapy in South Africa. Overall, the results of the findings indicate a high prevalence of H. pylori, resistance to recommended therapy and identified the need to consider natural products, including medicinal plants and honey as leads, which may offer useful alternatives in the treatment of H. pylori-related infections in South Africa and the world at large.

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Volatile compounds in the stem bark of Sclerocarya birrea (Anacardiaceae) possess antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori

Cited by 40 publications

References 28 publications

Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection 2012

Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection 2012

Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity in vitro of chamomile flowers, coneflower herbs, peppermint leaves and thyme herbs – a preliminary report

A South African perspective on Helicobacter pylori: Prevalence, epidemiology and antimicrobial chemotherapy

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