Volatile Growth Inhibitors Produced by Aromatic Shrubs

Muller, Cornelius H.; Muller, Walter H.; Haines, Bruce L.

doi:10.1126/science.143.3605.471

Cited by 236 publications

(97 citation statements)

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“…He eventually showed that grazing, trampling or seed feeding activities of animals resulted in bare concentric areas surrounding Salvia shrubs. This finding, which discounted the highly cited study of Muller et al (1964), proved a major setback to allelopathy research and resulted in considerable criticism of allelopathy by certain prominent ecologists. John Harper (1977) was one ecologist who reported that, ''Almost all species can, by appropriate digestion, extraction and concentration, be persuaded to yield a product that is toxic to one species or another.''…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The identification of allelopathy as the potential cause of vegetation patterning however, proved difficult due to the dynamic nature of soil and complex ecosystem interactions. Muller et al (1964) first reported that zones of inhibition around shrubs such as Salvia leucophylla, Artemisia californica and Adenostoma fasciculatum were likely due to volatile chemicals released by these shrubs. Bartholomew (1970), however, ruled out the possibility of allelopathy as a potential cause for these zones by creating barriers restricting mammalian movement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, alternate explanations for vegetation patterning are certainly possible (Inderjit & Weiner 2001). Many studies have shown inhibition zones around putative aggressors, and attempted correlation of the existence of bare rings with allelopathic activity (Muller et al 1964, Katz et al 1987, Weidenhamer & Romeo 1989. As described above, bare zones may or may not be due to the presence of bioactive allelochemicals and should not be taken as sole evidence to initiate the investigation of allelopathic interference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges, achievements and opportunities in allelopathy research

Inderjit

Weston

Duke³

2005

Journal of Plant Interactions

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Allelopathy is defined as the suppression of any aspect of growth and/or development of one plant by another through the release of chemical compounds. Although allelopathic interference has been demonstrated many times using in vitro experiments, few studies have clearly demonstrated allelopathy in natural settings. This difficulty reflects the complexity in examining and demonstrating allelopathic interactions under field conditions. In this paper we address a number of issues related to the complexity of allelopathic interference in higher plants: These are: (i) is a demonstrated pattern or zone of inhibition important in documenting allelopathy? (ii) is it ecologically relevant to explain the allelopathic potential of a species based on a single bioactive chemical? (iii) what is the significance of the various modes of allelochemical release from the plant into the environment? (iv) do soil characteristics clearly influence allelopathic activity? (v) is it necessary to exclude other plant interference mechanisms?, and (vi) how can new achievements in allelopathy research aid in solving problems related to relevant ecological issues encountered in research conducted upon natural systems and agroecosystems? A greater knowledge of plant interactions in ecologically relevant environments, as well as the study of biochemical pathways, will enhance our understanding of the role of allelopathy in agricultural and natural settings. In addition, novel findings related to the relevant enzymes and genes involved in production of putative allelochemicals, allelochemical persistence in the rhizosphere, the molecular target sites of allelochemicals in sensitive plant species and the influence of allelochemicals upon other organisms will likely lead to enhanced utilization of natural products for pest management or as pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. This review will address these recent findings, as well as the major challenges which continue to influence the outcomes of allelopathy research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges, achievements and opportunities in allelopathy research

Inderjit

Weston

Duke³

2005

Journal of Plant Interactions

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“…The bare zone between mature chaparral or coastal sage scrub and grassland, possibly controlled in part by allelopathic inhibition (Muller et al 1964), owes its existence on some sites to rodent and rabbit predation (Fig. 3.7) (Bartholomew 1970).…”

Section: Rodents and Plant Community Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning in Mediterranean-Climate California

Keeley¹,

Swift²

1995

Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems

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“…For example, methanol appears to be a volatile routinely released from plant leaves and it probably is a carbon source for methylobacteria that colonize leaf surfaces (49,50), yet we have no information about its effects on adjacent plants. In contrast, volatile phytotoxic monoterpenes such as cineole, piene, and camphor have long been reported as allelopathic inhibitors (51)(52)(53)(54).…”

Section: Allelochemical Release and Transfersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathy: Current Status and Future Goals

Einhellig

1994

ACS Symposium Series

148

112

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The phenomenon of allelopathy encompasses all types of chemical interactions among plants and microorganisms. Several hundred different organic compounds (allelochemicals) released from plants and microbes are known to affect the growth or aspects of function of the receiving species. Many new allelochemicals have been identified in recent years and it has become clear that the actions of allelochemicals are important features characterizing the interrelationships among organisms. These compounds influence patterns in vegetational communities, plant succession, seed preservation, germination of fungal spores, the nitrogen cycle, mutualistic associations, crop productivity, and plant defense. Allelopathy is tightly coupled with competition for resources and stress from disease, temperature extremes, moisture deficit, and herbicides. Such stresses often increase allelochemical production and accentuate their action. Allelopathic inhibition typically results from a combination of allelochemicals which interfere with several physiological processes in the receiving plant or microorganism. Other than the autecological study of specific species, there are persistent challenges in allelopathy to determine the mechanism of action of compounds, isolate new compounds, evaluate environmental interactions, and understand activity in the soil. New frontiers will focus on ways to capitalize on allelopathy to enhance crop production and develop a more sustainable agriculture, including weed and pest control through crop rotations, residue management, and a variety of approaches in biocontrol. Other goals are to adapt allelochemicals as herbicides, pesticides, and growth stimulants, modify crop genomes to manipulate allelochemical production, and better elucidate chemical communications that generate associations between microorganisms and higher plants. 0097 ALLELOPATHY: ORGANISMS, PROCESSES, AND APPLICATIONSThe writings of some natural philosophers that date back more than two millenniums show that they recognized chemical influences in nature (1). However, it is the evidence accumulated over the last several decades which has established that external roles for biochemicals, meaning roles that do not directly affect the basic physiology of the producing organism, are pervasive themes characterizing the interrelationships among organisms. This realization does not diminish the respective importance that competition for resources has on the relative success of an organism or a species. Instead, chemical ecology extends our dimensions of understanding and provides new insights into the intricacies of interchanges that occur in an ecosystem, community, or population.Allelopathy, a subset within the broader scope of chemical ecology, is concerned with effects that chemicals of plant or microbial origin have on growth, development, and distribution of other plants and microorganisms in natural communities or agricultural systems. The aims of this overview chapter are to provide a synthesis of the scope of allelopathy, suggest gen...

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Volatile Growth Inhibitors Produced by Aromatic Shrubs

Abstract: Root growth of Cucumis and Avena seedlings is inhibited by volatile materials produced by leaves of Salvia leucophylla, S. apiana, and Artemisia californica. The toxic substance may be deposited when dew condenses on affected seedlings in the field.

Cited by 236 publications

References 3 publications

Challenges, achievements and opportunities in allelopathy research

Challenges, achievements and opportunities in allelopathy research

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning in Mediterranean-Climate California

Allelopathy: Current Status and Future Goals

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