Volatile organics off-gassed among tobacco-exposed clothing fabrics

Chien, Yeh-Chung; Chang, Cheng-Ping; Liu, Zheng-Zhe

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.07.042

Cited by 33 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…There is recognition that adsorption and desorption of indoor-relevant gases on fabrics for tobacco smoke products [30][31][32] and pesticides 21 can influence exposure. Several studies have shown that dry-cleaning solvents [33][34][35][36] and moth repellants 37 can sorb to clothing and subsequently desorb, increasing indoor concentrations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of clothing in both accelerating and impeding dermal absorption of airborne SVOCs

Morrison

Weschler

Bekö

et al. 2015

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

118

137

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To assess the influence of clothing on dermal uptake of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), we measured uptake of selected airborne phthalates for an individual wearing clean clothes or air-exposed clothes and compared these results with dermal uptake for bare-skinned individuals under otherwise identical experimental conditions. Using a breathing hood to isolate dermal from inhalation uptake, we measured urinary metabolites of diethylphthalate (DEP) and di-n-butylphthalate (DnBP) from an individual exposed to known concentrations of these compounds for 6 h in an experimental chamber. The individual wore either clean (fresh) cotton clothes or cotton clothes that had been exposed to the same chamber air concentrations for 9 days. For a 6-h exposure, the net amounts of DEP and DnBP absorbed when wearing fresh clothes were, respectively, 0.017 and 0.007 μg/kg/(μg/m(3)); for exposed clothes the results were 0.178 and 0.261 μg/kg/(μg/m(3)), respectively (values normalized by air concentration and body mass). When compared against the average results for bare-skinned participants, clean clothes were protective, whereas exposed clothes increased dermal uptake for DEP and DnBP by factors of 3.3 and 6.5, respectively. Even for non-occupational environments, wearing clothing that has adsorbed/absorbed indoor air pollutants can increase dermal uptake of SVOCs by substantial amounts relative to bare skin.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of clothing in both accelerating and impeding dermal absorption of airborne SVOCs

Morrison

Weschler

Bekö

et al. 2015

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

118

137

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“…HFRs (polybrominated diphenyl ethers or PBDEs and “novel” flame retardants or NFRs) are used as additive flame retardants in plastic polymers of electronics, polyurethane foam (PUF) used in upholstered furniture, carpets, and insulation material, to comply with flammability standards . Chemicals such as nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs) and perflourinated compounds are intentionally added to clothing for purposes such as fabric printing and to confer water repellent qualities . We did not consider their uptake or role in altering sorption of targeted chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From air to clothing: characterizing the accumulation of semi-volatile organic compounds to fabrics in indoor environments

et al. 2016

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Uptake kinetics of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) present indoors, namely phthalates and halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), were characterized for cellulose-based cotton and rayon fabrics. Cotton and rayon showed similar accumulation of gas- and particle-phase SVOCs, when normalized to planar surface area. Accumulation was 3-10 times greater by rayon than cotton, when normalized to Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area which suggests that cotton could have a longer linear uptake phase than rayon. Linear uptake rates of eight consistently detected HFRs over 56 days of 0.35-0.92 m /day.dm planar surface area and mass transfer coefficients of 1.5-3.8 m/h were statistically similar for cotton and rayon and similar to those for uptake to passive air sampling media. These results suggest air-side controlled uptake and that, on average, 2 m of clothing typically worn by a person would sequester the equivalent of the chemical content in 100 m of air per day. Distribution coefficients between fabric and air (K') ranged from 6.5 to 7.7 (log K') and were within the range of partition coefficients measured for selected phthalates as reported in the literature. The distribution coefficients were similar for low molecular weight HFRs, and up to two orders of magnitude lower than the equilibrium partition coefficients estimated using the COSMO-RS model. Based on the COSMO-RS model, time to reach 95% of equilibrium for PBDEs between fabric and gas-phase compounds ranged from 0.1 to >10 years for low to high molecular weight HFRs.

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“…For instance, Piadé et al (1999), Noble (2000), Petrick et al (2010) and Chien et al (2011) reported that natural fabrics, such as cotton and wool, have a greater affinity for polar nicotine and chemicals in environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in contrast to polyester. Similarly, Morrison et al (2015b) reported the greatest sorption of methamphetamine (a relatively polar compound) to cotton and a cotton-polyester blend upholstery fabric than polyester.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of such studies include the sorption of VOCs to indoor materials such as carpet and gypsum board (Won et al, 2000(Won et al, , 2001, ETS to clothing (Noble, 2000;Chien et al, 2011), and nicotine to indoor surfaces including fabrics, glass and wood material (Piadé et al, 1999;Petrick et al, 2010). Conditions such as temperature, air exchange rate and relative humidity can be controlled and thus investigated in chamber experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the sorption of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) to cotton and polyester fabrics under controlled conditions

Saini

Rauert

Simpson

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Cotton and polyester, physically and chemically different fabrics, were characterized for sorption of gas-phase polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images and BET specific surface area (BET-SSA) analysis showed cotton's high microsurface area; NMR analysis showed richness of hexose- and aromatic-carbon in cotton and polyester, respectively. Cotton and polyester sorbed similar concentrations of gas-phase PBDEs in chamber studies, when normalized to planar surface area. However, polyester concentrations were 20-50 times greater than cotton when normalized to BET-SSA, greater than the 10 times difference in BET-SSA. The difference in sorption between cotton and polyester is hypothesized to be due to 'dilution' due to cotton's large BET-SSA and/or greater affinity of PBDEs for aromatic-rich polyester. Similar fabric-air area normalized distribution coefficients (K'D, 10(3) to 10(4)m) for cotton and polyester support air-side controlled uptake under non-equilibrium conditions. K'D values imply that 1m(2) of cotton or polyester fabrics would sorb gas-phase PBDEs present in 10(3) to 10(4)m(3) of equivalent air volume at room temperature over one week, assuming similar air flow conditions. Sorption of PBDEs to fabrics has implications for their fate indoors and human exposure.

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Volatile organics off-gassed among tobacco-exposed clothing fabrics

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

Role of clothing in both accelerating and impeding dermal absorption of airborne SVOCs

Role of clothing in both accelerating and impeding dermal absorption of airborne SVOCs

From air to clothing: characterizing the accumulation of semi-volatile organic compounds to fabrics in indoor environments

Characterizing the sorption of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) to cotton and polyester fabrics under controlled conditions

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