Volcanoes as possible indicators of tectonic stress orientation — principle and proposal

Nakamura, Kazuaki

doi:10.1016/0377-0273(77)90012-9

Cited by 703 publications

(311 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Horsetails and splays manifest themselves at regional scale by N030 -040°E trending lineaments and drainage anomalies (Figures 3a and 3b). Tail cracks, graben and tension gashes, on which volcanoes are rooted, constrain the orientation of the regional maximum horizontal stress to N060°E [Nakamura, 1977] consistent with the orientation of Pliocene to recent volcanic dikes in the study area, which show azimuths of NE-SW, NW-SE and N-S (Figures 3c and 3d). The latter two directions reflect dike intrusion along preexistent discontinuities parallel to first-order structures.…”

Section: Second-order Structuressupporting

confidence: 68%

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Kinematic constraints on intra‐arc shear and strain partitioning in the southern Andes between 38°S and 42°S latitude

2006

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[1] On the basis of structural field work, fault kinematic analysis, and the analysis of digital imagery, we describe the northern part of the southern Andean intra-arc Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone (LOFZ) as an SC-like fault zone system accommodating part of the Nazca-South American plate convergence obliquity. Kinematic modeling suggests that the LOFZ accommodated 124 (+24/À21) km of dextral displacement between 40°S and 42°S and 67 (+13/À11) km between 38°S and 40°S since the Pliocene. Associated vertical axis rotations are 31 ± 4°c lockwise and 9 ± 1°counterclockwise along synthetic and antithetic faults, respectively. Mean Pliocene to recent shear rates along the LOFZ decrease northward from 32 ± 6 mm/yr to 13 ± 3 mm/yr compatible with partitioning of half of the convergence obliquity into the intra-arc zone north of 40°S and complete partitioning to the south. The displacement gradient along the intra-arc zone results in margin-parallel shortening of the fore arc.

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Section: Second-order Structuressupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Normal faults may manifest dikes that did not reach the surface. For volcanic fields consisting of clusters of monogenetic cones, the alignment of monogenetic cones reflects the trend of dikes underneath [Nakamura, 1977].…”

Section: B3 Analysis Of Volcano Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematic constraints on intra‐arc shear and strain partitioning in the southern Andes between 38°S and 42°S latitude

2006

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“…Early extension above collapsing slabs of the regressing subduction zone was characterised by polygenetic volcanoes (Nakamura, 1977) with andesite chemistries. At the later stage, back arc tensional faults with NE-SW and NW-SE trends similar to those of the earlier phase were loci for basalts and rhyolites in monogenetic volcanoes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Tertiary and Quaternary volcanism and subduction zone regression, North Island, New Zealand

Brothers¹

1986

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

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Upper Tertiary and Quaternary volcanism and subduction zone regression, North Island, New Zealand R. N. Brothers" Radiometric ages for Cenozoic calc-alkaline igneous rocks in the North Island indicate the presence of two contrasted areas of eruption. An older group of volcanics (27-23 Ma) is spread NW-SE along the east coast of Northland between North Cape and Whangarei; these lavas, including garnet andesites, were generated during an isolated igneous event accompanying obduction of ophiolite massifs during the Late Oligocene. A younger group of Miocene to Holocene age (21-0 Ma) is distributed between Tokatoka-Whangarei and Egmont-Taupo Volcanic Zone across a series of NE-SW time-lines (volcanic arcs) which record a southeasterly younging direction for sequential initiation of volcanism; the erupted rocks lie along two major belts trending NW-SE (East Belt and West Belt) parallel to old basement fractures. Depths to magma sources are estimated from KzO-SiOz indices, with deeper levels indicated for the Tokatoka-Egmont West Belt (114-220 km) than for the East Belt (72-148 km) between Whangarei and Taupo Volcanic Zone. The shallow-sourced magmas of the East Belt have higher 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios than those of the West Belt, and have developed a metallogenic province with andesitic epithermal gold-silver and porphyry-copper stocks.A subduction system responsible for the Miocene and later volcanism appears to have had the same trend and polarity as the modern Benioff zone beneath the North Island, with NE-SW strike and NW dip. The first stage of this convergence system, preceding the Miocene igneous activity, was a shallow, non-volcanic underplating of the North Island originating from the Hikurangi Trench. By the Early Miocene this lower lithospheric plate had reached as far north as the latitude of Whangarei-Tokatok a where it descended steeply, perhaps due to decrease in velocity. At this stage the mode of convergence for the lower plate changed from progressive underflow to subduction regression, and volcanism commenced along the 21 Ma time-line; this volcanic front subsequently migrated southeastward at rates controlled by oceanward retreat of the subduction zone. In regions traversed by rapid subduction regression (23-27.5 km/myr) the Mesozoic greywacke basement foundered and was extensively depressed by tensional collapse, but in areas of slower migration rates ("" 10 km/myr) the basement has remained high-standing.

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“…최근 연구 결과는 여러 절리계가 다양한 방향의 간 헐적 판구조운동에 따라 고응력에 의해 경상분지 전 반에 걸쳐 형성되었다는 것을 제시하였다 (Hwang, 1992). 따라서 암맥 방향성은 국지적 및 광역적 응력 의 중첩을 반영할 수도 있을 것이다 (Nakamura, 1977). 그러나 필자는 본역에서 고기 절리 속으로 선 택적 관입이 방사상 패턴의 성격을 설명해줄 수 있다 고 믿는다.…”

Section: 에 따라서 지역적으로 서로 분리되어 여러 개의 화산 지역(Volcanic Field)을 형성한다 경상분지는unclassified

“…다시 말하면, 암맥 방향성은 암맥정치 동안에 국지적 응력상태에 의해 지배된다. 따라서 암맥 패턴의 해석은 응력궤적을 추론하는데 적용될 수 있다 (Nakamura, 1977;Pollard, 1987). 방사상 암맥의 패턴은 주입 암맥의 선호 방향성을 반영하며, 주로 국지적 마그마 응력과 중력 응력의 상호작용의 결과로 나타난다.…”

Section: 에 따라서 지역적으로 서로 분리되어 여러 개의 화산 지역(Volcanic Field)을 형성한다 경상분지는unclassified

Pattern and Origin of the Rhyolitic Dike Swarm, Northeastern Cheongsong, Korea

Hwang¹,

Kwon²,

Seo³

2015

The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea

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Jungtaesan and Galpyeongji intrusions in the northeastern Cheongsong occur as laccolith and stock which intrude Gasongdong Formation and Dogyedong Formation, respectively. Cheongsong dike swarm, intruding the Dogyedong Formation, is closely associated with this stock. The dike swarm is more radial to focus into Galpyeongji and its outline is oval. The dikes of the dike swarm are only rhyolite dikes with flow banded, spherulitic and rare stony structures, and represents a single intrusive phase of magma. It can be interpretated that orientation of the dikes is controlled by stress states. Therefore, the dikes display a radial pattern through occupying vertical joints that have been generally attributed to radial fractures formed during doming of the sedimentary rocks by the intrusion of the Galpyeongji stock. The dike pattern could sufficiently account for dike injections into these joints.

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Volcanoes as possible indicators of tectonic stress orientation — principle and proposal

Cited by 703 publications

References 11 publications

Kinematic constraints on intra‐arc shear and strain partitioning in the southern Andes between 38°S and 42°S latitude

Kinematic constraints on intra‐arc shear and strain partitioning in the southern Andes between 38°S and 42°S latitude

Upper Tertiary and Quaternary volcanism and subduction zone regression, North Island, New Zealand

Pattern and Origin of the Rhyolitic Dike Swarm, Northeastern Cheongsong, Korea

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