Voltage manipulation of magnetic particles using multiferroics

Cai, Chen; Sablik, Justin; Khojah, Reem; Domann, John P.; Robert, Dyro,; Hu, Jun; Mehta, Shalin B.; Xiao, Zhuyun; Candler, Rob N.; Carman, Greg P.; Sepulveda, Abdon E.

doi:10.1088/1361-6463/ab7038

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Because the sublattice orientations at remanence are the same, the direction of M inverts upon hydrogen loading/unloading, which accounts for the observed change in sign of the exchange bias field. This functionality, namely voltage control of the net magnetization, would be desirable in a variety of potential applications, such as dipole-coupled nanomagnetic logic 37,38 , reconfigurable magnonic crystals based on magnetostatic spin waves 39,40 and stray field control and steering of fluid-borne particles 41,42 . By replacing the NiO layer with a stray field biasing layer, the preferred direction of M can instead be fixed, allowing for controlling the orientation of N. We achieved this by integrating an L1 0 -FePd layer with bulk perpendicular magnetic anisotropy 43,44 as a stray field pinning layer (Fig.…”

Section: Field-free Net Magnetization and Néel Vector Reversalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltage control of ferrimagnetic order and voltage-assisted writing of ferrimagnetic spin textures

et al. 2021

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ontrolling the magnetic state of devices by electrical means is critical for spin-based data storage and logic 1,2 . One of the key technological challenges is to achieve efficient 180° magnetic switching by electrical means. Current methods are mostly based on local magnetic fields or spin torques 3,4 . Due to a much lower energy consumption 5,6 , voltage-controlled magnetization switching is desirable. However, it is inherently difficult because electric fields do not induce the required time-reversal symmetry breaking for 180° magnetic switching. Many methods, such as using piezoelectric and multiferroic materials 5,[7][8][9][10][11] , are being explored for voltage-controlled magnetization switching. However, these methods involve either high voltages for inducing enough strain, or difficult fabrication procedures.Multi-sublattice materials present unique opportunities for voltage control of magnetism 12,13 , with ferrimagnets being promising for achieving 180° switching owing to their multi-sublattice configuration with magnetic moments of different magnitudes opposing each other. By tuning the relative sublattice magnetization magnitudes, the net magnetization can be reversed. Moreover, compared with ferromagnets, ferrimagnets offer technological advantages as they allow for small spin textures 14 , fast spin dynamics [14][15][16] and ultrafast optical switching 17 . However, the conventional approaches to controlling the compensation of ferrimagnets, such as varying the composition at fabrication 18 , annealing 19,20 , heating or cooling 21 and hydrogen gas exposure 22,23 , do not allow for localized electrical actuation. Ultrashort light pulses have been shown to enable all-optical switching of ferrimagnets 17,24,25 , however, the need for an ultrafast laser source may complicate device designs and the optical paths may be difficult to scale.Here, we show the reversible control of the dominant sublattice of a rare earth-transition metal (RE-TM) alloy ferrimagnet (GdCo) by a gate voltage (V G ) using a solid-state hydrogen pump 26 . The control originates from the injection of hydrogen, sourced from ambient moisture through hydrolysis, into GdCo, which tunes the relative sublattice magnetizations and hence the degree of compensation. By applying a small V G , the compensation temperature (T M ) can be shifted by >100 K, and the dominant sublattice can be reversibly switched under ambient, isothermal conditions. Element-specific X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) revealed that hydrogenation reduces the sublattice magnetization of Gd substantially, but only modestly reduces that of Co. Mean-field modelling of the experimental data combined with ab initio calculations suggest that this results from hydrogen-induced reduction of the inter-sublattice exchange coupling strength that is largely responsible for the Gd sublattice order. We demonstrate here that the dominant sublattice can be toggled using pulses as short as 50 μs at room temperature, and that the devices show no degradation after >10 4 gatin...

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Section: Field-free Net Magnetization and Néel Vector Reversalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltage control of ferrimagnetic order and voltage-assisted writing of ferrimagnetic spin textures

et al. 2021

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“…In a rotating magnetic field, these bowl‐shaped microrobots exhibit outstanding roll motion performance when approaching the surface of glass plates or other substrates. This is because the friction with the substrate surface will cause greater resistance to the part of the microrobot close to the substrate surface, [ 29 ] and the rotation center of the microrobot will move toward the substrate surface. Therefore, the end of the bowl‐shaped microrobot furthest from the substrate surface moves faster, as shown in Figure 2C (a), and eventually a net displacement will be generated for each revolution to form a rolling motion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five in One: Multi‐Engine Highly Integrated Microrobot

et al. 2023

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A multi‐engine highly integrated microrobot, which is a Janus hemispherical shell structure composed of Pt and α‐Fe2O3, is successfully developed. The microrobot can be efficiently driven and flexibly regulated by five stimuli, including an optical field, an acoustic field, magnetic field, an electric field, and chemical fuel. In addition, no matter which way it is driven by, the direction can be effectively controlled through the magnetic field regulation. Furthermore, this microrobot can also utilize magnetic or acoustic fields to achieve excellent aggregation control and swarm movement. Finally, this study demonstrates that the microrobots’ propulsion can be effectively synergistically enhanced through the simultaneous action of two driving mechanisms, which can greatly improve the performance of the motor in applications, such as pollutant degradation. This multi‐engine, highly integrated microrobot not only can adapt to more complex environments and has a wider application range, better application prospects, but also provides important ideas for designing future advanced micro/nanorobots.

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“…The bi-coupled model has been validated on a Ni system [35]. This model was tested for Terfenol-D [34] and FeGa [36] but such systems has not been develop, therefore lacking validation. The results presented here are first validation for FeGa system.…”

Section: Fea Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic state switching in FeGa microstructures

Jesús¹,

Xiao²,

Goiriena-Goikoetxea³

et al. 2022

Smart Mater. Struct.

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This work demonstrates that magnetoelectric composite heterostructures can be designed at the length scale of 10 microns that can be switched from a magnetized state to a vortex state, effectively switching the magnetization off, using electric field induced strain. This was accomplished using thin film magnetoelectric heterostructures of Fe81.4Ga18.6 on a single crystal (011) [Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3]0.68-[PbTiO3]0.32 (PMN-32PT) ferroelectric substrate. The heterostructures were tripped from a multi-domain magnetized state to a flux closure vortex state using voltage induced strain in a piezoelectric substrate. FeGa heterostructures were deposited on a Si-substrate for SQUID magnetometry characterization of the magnetic properties. The magnetoelectric coupling of a FeGa continuous film on PMN-32PT was characterized using a MOKE magnetometer with bi-axial strain gauges, and magnetic multi-domain heterostructures were imaged using X-Ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism – Photoemission Electron Microscopy (XMCD-PEEM) during the transition to the vortex state. The domain structures were modelled using MuMax3, a micromagnetics code, and compared with observations. The results provide considerable insight into designing magnetoelectric heterostructures that can be switched from an “on” state to an “off” state using electric field induced strain.

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Voltage manipulation of magnetic particles using multiferroics

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Voltage control of ferrimagnetic order and voltage-assisted writing of ferrimagnetic spin textures

Voltage control of ferrimagnetic order and voltage-assisted writing of ferrimagnetic spin textures

Five in One: Multi‐Engine Highly Integrated Microrobot

Magnetic state switching in FeGa microstructures

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