Voltammetric sensing using an array of modified SPCE coupled with machine learning strategies for the improved identification of opioids in presence of cutting agents

Ortiz-Aguayo, Dionisia; Wael, Karolien De; Valle, Manel del

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115770

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This test with confiscated samples demonstrated the flaws of current portable methods and opened the possibility for new electrochemical tests to be implemented into common practices. In the future, chemometric techniques such as principle component analysis can be integrated with the voltammetric profiles to increase the accuracy of the electrochemical device [44]. Therefore, the electrochemical test…”

Section: Testing the Portable Electrochemical Device With Confiscated...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, in-situ derivatization is required by employing 1,2-Naphthoquinone-4-sulphonic acid sodium salt, allowing its electrochemical detection [43]. Moreover, the combination of chemometrics and machine learning techniques could be implemented to increase the selectivity of the electrochemical methods [44]. Overall, the most used illicit drugs can be detected by electrochemical methods under certain conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid On-Site Detection of Illicit Drugs in Smuggled Samples with a Portable Electrochemical Device

et al. 2022

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The smuggling of illicit drugs urges the development of new tools for rapid on-site identification in cargos. Current methods rely on presumptive color tests and portable spectroscopic techniques. However, these methods sometimes exhibit inaccurate results due to commonly used cutting agents, the colorful nature of the sample or because the drugs are smuggled in common goods. Interestingly, electrochemical sensors can deal with these specific problems. Herein, an electrochemical device is presented that uses affordable screen-printed electrodes for the electrochemical profiling of several illicit drugs by square-wave voltammetry (SWV). The identification of the illicit compound is based on the oxidation potential of the analyte. Hence, a library of electrochemical profiles is built upon the analysis of illicit drugs and common cutting agents. This library allows the design of a tailor-made script that enables the identification of each drug through a user-friendly interface (laptop or mobile phone). Importantly, the electrochemical test is compared by analyzing 48 confiscated samples with other portable devices based on Raman and FTIR spectroscopy as well as a laboratory standard method (i.e., gas chromatography–mass spectrometry). Overall, the electrochemical results, obtained through the analysis of different samples from confiscated cargos at an end-user site, present a promising alternative to current methods, offering low-cost and rapid testing in the field.

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Section: Testing the Portable Electrochemical Device With Confiscated...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid On-Site Detection of Illicit Drugs in Smuggled Samples with a Portable Electrochemical Device

et al. 2022

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“…10,11 In such cases, unsupervised dimensionality reduction techniques such as PCA have been employed, which to some extent consider the overall appearance of the data. [12][13][14][15] Beyond PCA, there are however other, potentially superior dimensionality reduction techniques, such as non-linear, stochastic methods, which aim to reproduce neighbourhood relations in high-dimensional data space in a lower dimensional representation. Those have not found widespread application in electrochemistry yet and we will therefore explore two examples, namely t-SNE 16,17 and UMAP 18,19 , and benchmark those against an implementation of linear PCA.…”

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confidence: 99%

Unsupervised classification of voltammetric data beyond principal component analysis

et al. 2022

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“…• AA-peak, PEI-peak: formados com a extração de 5 atributos do principal pico dos voltamogramas, alguns dos quais são comumente usados na análise de sinais eletroquímicos (111,112): posição do pico, proeminência, largura à meia altura, largura na base e fator de qualidade (= proeminência/largura à meia altura).…”

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Aprendizado de máquina aplicado em dados de biossensores para diagnóstico de câncer e COVID-19

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Dedico este trabalho à minha esposa Isis, aos meus filhos Danilo, Bernardo e Vitória, e aos meus pais Izabel e Daniel (in memorian), que sempre cuidaram de mim com amor e fizeram o possível para me ajudar. AGRADECIMENTOSO reconhecimento e a valorização são práticas importantes em um trabalho de pesquisa científica que, por suas especificidades e nível de complexidade, seria de difícil realização ou não seria possível. A partir dessa assertiva e com alegria faço os agradecimentos a seguir.Agradeço primeiramente a Deus e a seu filho Jesus Cristo pela vida, pela saúde, pela força, pela orientação e pelas pessoas que colocaram em meu caminho.Agradeço profundamente e com amor à minha esposa Isis e aos meus filhos Danilo, Bernardo e Vitória, pela compreensão, por estarem juntos comigo enfrentando todas as dificuldades, motivando-me e ajudando-me sempre.De forma muito especial, agradeço ao meu orientador, Prof. Dr. Osvaldo Novais de Oliveira Jr. por acreditar no meu potencial, dando-me a oportunidade de realizar esse trabalho, pelos direcionamentos e esclarecimentos, respeito, amizade, disponibilidade, paciência, compreensão, dedicação e espírito de colaboração.Agradeço profundamente e com amor aos meus pais, Izabel de Souza Braz (in memorian) e Daniel Braz (in memorian), por terem me dado a oportunidade e as condições para buscar e trilhar o meu caminho na direção da realização dos meus sonhos. Também à minha irmã, Paula de Souza Braz, pelo apoio e pelas dificuldades que passamos juntos em nossa caminhada.

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Voltammetric sensing using an array of modified SPCE coupled with machine learning strategies for the improved identification of opioids in presence of cutting agents

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Rapid On-Site Detection of Illicit Drugs in Smuggled Samples with a Portable Electrochemical Device

Rapid On-Site Detection of Illicit Drugs in Smuggled Samples with a Portable Electrochemical Device

Unsupervised classification of voltammetric data beyond principal component analysis

Aprendizado de máquina aplicado em dados de biossensores para diagnóstico de câncer e COVID-19

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