Voluntary activation and mechanical performance of human triceps surae muscle after exhaustive stretch-shortening cycle jumping exercise

Kuitunen, Sami; Avela, Janne; Kyröläinen, Heikki; Komi, P. V.

doi:10.1007/s00421-003-1004-2

Cited by 30 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The results are also in good agreement with previous studies on adults [38] and, moreover, suggest that the relative contributions of central and peripheral mechanisms do not significantly differ between the groups representing various stages of maturation. Probably neural adjustments, particularly group III and IV afferent inhibition and disfacilitation of spindle support, are more inherent in prolonged running exercise upwards of 30 min [39] or exhaustive jumping exercise [40] than short-term sprinting. From the practical point of view, the results emphasize running speed and aerobic training in children and adolescents as a good basis for the adult phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maturation-related differences in neuromuscular fatigue after a short-term maximal run

Äyrämö¹,

Vilmi²,

Mero³

et al. 2018

Hum Mov.

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Purpose. This study investigated maturation-related differences in neuromuscular fatigue after a short-term maximal run. Methods. Eight male children, eight adolescents, and eight adults performed a maximal ca. 50-s run (300/350/400 m, respectively). Mechanisms of neuromuscular fatigue were assessed through isometric plantar flexor tests, electrical stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve, soleus electromyography, and blood tests. Results. All the groups showed a decrease in the running speed (children: -12.2 ± 6.5%; adolescents: -9.8 ± 5.1%; adults: -12.2 ± 3.1%), but only adults revealed a decline in the maximal isometric plantar flexor torque (-16.1 ± 13.0%). On the other hand, the relative pre-to post-fatigue change in the maximal isometric plantar flexor torque differed only between adults and adolescents. The peak torque in the passive twitch test decreased in adolescents (-19.2 ± 12.2%) and adults (-23.7 ± 13.7%). Moreover, post-fatigue minimum blood pH (children: 7.18 ± 0.03; adolescents: 7.14 ± 0.07; adults: 6.97 ± 0.06) differed between the groups. No changes were observed in the neural drive or mechanisms at the spinal level. Conclusions. Despite the loss of running speed, children showed no post-exercise fatigue, whereas adolescents and adults demonstrated fatigue at peripheral sites. central fatigue could not be established for the studied groups. Key words: children, maturation, neuromuscular fatigue, high-intensity exercise Citation: Äyrämö S, Vilmi N, Mero AA, Piirainen J, Nummela A, Pullinen T, Avela J, Linnamo V. Maturation-related differences in neuromuscular fatigue after a short-term maximal run.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maturation-related differences in neuromuscular fatigue after a short-term maximal run

Äyrämö¹,

Vilmi²,

Mero³

et al. 2018

Hum Mov.

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“…Other options could be muscle group speciWcity and exercise volume. For example, it has been shown that 1,342 jumps performed on a sledge ergometer induced greater increase in muscle stiVness than 428 jumps, and this may have augmented the spindle sensitivity to stretch (Kuitunen et al 2004). Another possibility is that the sensitivity of the superimposed electrical stimulation technique is increased at greater muscle length because of the increased stiVness of the series elastic component.…”

Section: Voluntary Activationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This agrees with the Wndings of Prasartwuth et al (2005) that reduced voluntary activation contributes to force loss after eccentric exercises with the elbow Xexors. Also, muscle activation failure has been found to contribute to the post-exercise force deWcit after stretchshortening cycle exercises (Kuitunen et al 2004;Millet et al 2003). It has been reported that decreased aVerent feedback to the motoneurone pool (Duchateau et al 2002) increased the activity of group III and IV aVerents (Bigland-Ritchie et al 1986), increased recurrent inhibition (Löscher et al 1996) and supraspinal fatigue (Gandevia 2001) can lead to suboptimal activation of the muscles.…”

Section: Voluntary Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The repeated bout effect of eccentric exercise is not associated with changes in voluntary activation

et al. 2009

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The aim of this study was to compare the possible changes in muscle activation level between a first and second bout of damaging eccentric exercise performed at 2 weeks interval (i.e. repeated bout effect). To that purpose, ten physically active males took part in this study. The eccentric exercise consisted of 10 sets of 12 maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) produced by the knee extensors during movements performed at a constant speed of 160 degrees s(-1). Changes in voluntary and electrically evoked torque in concentric and/or isometric conditions were assessed at the following time points: pre-exercise, and 2 min, 1 and 24 h after each eccentric exercise. At the same time points, voluntary activation was quantified by the superimposed electrical stimulation technique. Muscle soreness and plasma CK activity were measured within 48 h after the eccentric exercise. The results showed that the decrease in eccentric peak torque was linear throughout the exercise protocol. At the end of bouts 1 and 2, torque was significantly reduced by 27.7 +/- 9.1 and 23.4 +/- 11.2, respectively, with no difference between bouts (P > 0.05). At 24 h post-exercise, a lower reduction (P < 0.05) in MVC (17.8 +/- 5.4%) and electrically evoked (16.7 +/- 4.6%) isometric torque was observed for bout 2. In contrast, no statistical difference was found in the deficit in voluntary activation between the two bouts. In conclusion, our results indicate that the repeated bout effect of eccentric exercise appears to reduce muscle damage, but does not influence the level of voluntary activation.

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“…The total number of SSC jumps ranged dramatically between subjects, similar to that reported by Kuitunen et al (2003). The rebound height was set at 80% of the individual maximal rebound performance measured from a series of maximal drop jumps performed from different starting heights during a preliminary testing session.…”

Section: Exp Group Designmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Supporting the existence and the functional role of a prolonged reduction in stretch-reflex sensitivity, Avela et al (1999) showed a bimodal trend of changes in the tolerance to high ground impacts, and in the active (M1) stretch-reflex EMG response. This hypothesis relies on the prolonged EMG reflex responses measured in passive stretch- (Avela et al 1999;Balestra et al 1991;Kuitunen et al 2003;Nicol et al 1996a and H-reflex (Avela et al 1999;Nicol et al 1996b) testing conditions. Furthermore, most of the passive EMG reflex responses were recorded from the soleus muscle (SOL), whereas the fatiguing SSC exercise involved the overall lowerlimb extensor muscles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Acute and delayed neuromuscular adjustments of the triceps surae muscle group to exhaustive stretch?shortening cycle fatigue

Regueme

Nicol

Barthèlemy³

et al. 2004

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Stretch-shortening cycle (SSC)-type fatigue is associated with acute and delayed functional defects, and appears to be a useful model to reveal the flexibility of both central and reflex adjustments to the contractile failure. SSC fatigue was induced in an experimental (EXP) group (n=6) on a sledge ergometer with an exhaustive rebound exercise with submaximal effort. The acute (POST) and 2-day delayed (2D) neuromuscular changes with fatigue were examined in a short submaximal rebound task (REBOUND) and in a maximal isometric plantarflexion test (ISOM). The EXP group results were compared to those of a control group (n=6) who did not perform the exhaustive SSC exercise and did not present any change in the tests. In the EXP group, the ISOM test revealed mostly a large decrease in maximal plantarflexion force at 2D that was correlated with the reduced mean soleus muscle (SOL) activation. Indicating "task-dependent" fatigue effects on the neural changes, the REBOUND test revealed both acute and delayed increases in SOL activation. Supporting central neural changes, SOL preactivation increased in POST and 2D. The neural flexibility along time and across muscles was demonstrated by the shifted increase in SOL activation from the braking phase in POST to the push-off phase in 2D, and associated increased gastrocnemius medialis preactivation in 2D. In contrast, activation during the stretch-reflex period was constant in POST, and decreased in 2D. These results would support the influence of musculotendinous afferents on the flexible neural adjustments to the SSC-induced contractile failure.

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Voluntary activation and mechanical performance of human triceps surae muscle after exhaustive stretch-shortening cycle jumping exercise

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Maturation-related differences in neuromuscular fatigue after a short-term maximal run

Maturation-related differences in neuromuscular fatigue after a short-term maximal run

The repeated bout effect of eccentric exercise is not associated with changes in voluntary activation

Acute and delayed neuromuscular adjustments of the triceps surae muscle group to exhaustive stretch?shortening cycle fatigue

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