W–C Electrode Erosion in a Pulsed Arc Submerged in Liquid

Parkansky, N.; Glikman, L. A.; Beilis, I. I.; Alterkop, B.; Boxman, R.L.; Gindin, D.

doi:10.1007/s11090-007-9099-6

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Erosion of anode shows to be greater than that of cathode (in our experiments anode is the moving electrode). This is consistent with the results obtained by other authors studying the submerged pulsed arc discharges [22], and may have one of the possible explanations that the energy dissipated in the anode is larger than in the cathode. As expected, the size of craters produced on the electrodes during arcing ( Figure 10) increases with the measured erosion.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

Detailed Investigation of the Electric Discharge Plasma between Copper Electrodes Immersed into Water

Venger

Tmenova

Valensi

et al. 2017

Atoms

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Abstract:A phenomenological picture of pulsed electrical discharge in water is produced by combining electrical, spectroscopic, and imaging methods. The discharge is generated by applying 350 µs long 100 to 220 V pulses (values of current from 400 to 1000 A, respectively) between the point-to-point copper electrodes submerged into the non-purified tap water. Plasma channel and gas bubble occur between the tips of the electrodes, which are initially in contact with each other. The study includes detailed experimental investigation of plasma parameters of such discharge using the correlation between time-resolved high-speed imaging, electrical characteristics, and optical emission spectroscopic data. Radial distributions of the electron density of plasma is estimated from the analysis of profiles and widths of registered H α and H β hydrogen lines, and Cu I 515.3 nm line, exposed to the Stark mechanism of spectral lines' broadening. Estimations of the electrodes' erosion rate and bubbles' size depending on the electrical input parameters of the circuit are presented. Experimental results of this work may be valuable for the advancement of modeling and the theoretical understanding of the pulse electric discharges in water.

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supporting

confidence: 93%

Detailed Investigation of the Electric Discharge Plasma between Copper Electrodes Immersed into Water

Venger

Tmenova

Valensi

et al. 2017

Atoms

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“…One of electrodes was mounted on a vibrator, and periodically contacted and separated from the other electrode at a vibration frequency of 100 Hz and amplitude of *0.5 mm, for a processing time of 30 min. The experimental apparatus was described previously [14]. The arc was ignited by applying a voltage between the electrodes from a charged capacitor-current began to flow upon contact, and an arc was ignited upon separation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stored energies of 7.7, 22.7 and 48 mJ on a 15 lF capacitor and 30.7, 90.7, and 192 mJ on a 60 lF capacitor were used. The pulse duration s was 25-26 ls for 15 lF and 55-65 ls for 60 lF [14]. Below the arc pulse will be characterized by the pulse energy and capacitance value.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar technique based on a d.c. arc between Cu electrodes in ultrasonically irradiated liquid benzene was used for synthesis of amorphous carbon particles [13]. W-C particle synthesis in an arc discharge in liquid was demonstrated, and it was shown that erosion of the submerged W-C electrodes was the primary source of the particles [14]. However, composition, structure and morphology of synthesized powders were not yet studied.…”

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confidence: 99%

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W-C Synthesis in a Pulsed Arc Submerged in Liquid

Parkansky

Glikman

Beilis

et al. 2008

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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Pulsed arc production of tungsten carbide (W-C) powders in deionized water and analytical (99.8%) ethanol was studied. The arc was ignited between two submerged electrodes: one of 99.99% graphite (C) and the other of 99.5% W. The pulse energy and duration were in the ranges of 7.7-192 mJ and 25-65 ls, respectively. The WC 1-x production rate was maximized by configuring the C electrode as the anode and the W electrode as the cathode. The rate was greater in ethanol than in water. The rate of producing *10 nm particles in ethanol was two orders of magnitude greater when using W anode -C cathode configuration, than with the opposite polarity.

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“…Unfortunately, there have been little studies on electrode erosion of liquid SGs [15], [22]. While electrode erosion is not a key research interest for our nanosecond pulse generator, it is worthwhile investigating because of the influence on the lifetime of the spark-gap.…”

Section: Spark-gap Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Final Implementation of a Subnanosecond Rise Time, Variable Pulse Duration, Variable Amplitude, Repetitive, High-Voltage Pulse Source

Huiskamp

Heesch

Pemen

2015

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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. (2015). Final implementation of a subnanosecond rise time, variable pulse duration, variable amplitude, repetitive, high-voltage pulse source. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 43(1), 444-451. DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2014 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Abstract-In this paper, we present the final implementation of our 0-50-kV picosecond rise time 0.5-10-ns pulse generator. The pulse generator will be used in future work to generate a (sub)-nanosecond streamer plasma for air purification research. The pulse generator is a single-line pulse generator with an oil spark-gap (SG), which generates 0.5-10-ns pulses with a 200-ps rise time and can operate at repetition rates of over 1 kHz into a 50-load. It is an improvement over the first implementation of our nanosecond pulse generator that we designed and verified experimentally in previous work. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the final design. Furthermore, we present 3-D electromagnetic simulations of the nanosecond pulse generator and show that the simulations are in good agreement with the measurements. A variation in pulse duration from 0.5 to 10 ns is possible and the output pulses are square shaped without the large plateau behind the main pulse that was present in the pulses from the first implementation of the nanosecond pulse generator. At high voltages, the pulse top becomes less flat due to a timedependent mismatch in the spark-gap. Furthermore, investigation of electrode erosion of the oil spark-gap shows that the erosion rate of the electrodes is in the range of 200-600 μcm 3 · C −1 for the electrode that is mainly the cathode and 100-300 μcm 3 · C −1 for the electrode that is mainly the anode, respectively. This is almost an order of magnitude higher than most gas spark-gap studies show for brass electrodes. Therefore, electrode erosion in the oil spark-gap will be a limiting factor on the lifetime of the system. We designed a new electrode with a stainless steel head to increase this lifetime.Index Terms-3-D electromagnetic (EM) modeling, electrode erosion, high voltage, nanosecond pulses, oil switch, pulsed power supply, spark-gap (SG).

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W–C Electrode Erosion in a Pulsed Arc Submerged in Liquid

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Detailed Investigation of the Electric Discharge Plasma between Copper Electrodes Immersed into Water

Detailed Investigation of the Electric Discharge Plasma between Copper Electrodes Immersed into Water

W-C Synthesis in a Pulsed Arc Submerged in Liquid

Final Implementation of a Subnanosecond Rise Time, Variable Pulse Duration, Variable Amplitude, Repetitive, High-Voltage Pulse Source

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