“…If a distorted version of a pattern, denoted as X, is fed to M and the obtained output is exactly Y k , then recalling is considered as perfect. The simplicity of AMs mod-els is a result of a great development, which has been carried out during the last 50 years; for some examples, refer to [6,22,24,14,15,25,23,31]. Most of these models have several limitations: limited storage capacity, difficulty to deal with more than one type of pattern (binary, integer or realvalued), lack of robustness to different kinds of noises (additive, subtractive, mixed, Gaussian, etc.…”