Untitled

Enns, James T.; Burack, Jacob A.; Iarocci, Grace; Randolph, Beth

doi:10.1023/a:1009503118377

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In sum, the present study shows that organizational processes vary in their relative rate of development, with some processes attaining ultimate levels of functioning earlier than others (see also, e.g., Enns et al, 2000; Kovács, 2000; Mondloch et al, 2003). Furthermore, the processes that exhibited different developmental trajectories are the ones identified by microgenetic analysis as differing in time course and attentional demands.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…The present findings also help resolve the apparent contradiction in the developmental literature. On the one hand, Enns et al (2000) and Burack et al (2000) used few-element patterns and found age-related improvements in search rates for globally defined but not for locally defined targets. These results were compatible with Enns and Kingstone's (1995) findings with adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, increasing the density of the elements did not influence children's reproduction of the local elements (Dukette & Stiles, 2001), suggesting that individuation abilities are elaborated earlier in development than grouping abilities. Enns, Burack, Iarocci, and Randolph (2000) and Burack, Enns, Iarocci, and Randolph (2000) examined visual search for hierarchical displays and found large improvements with age in search rates for targets that differed from distractors in global orientation; no age difference was observed in search rates for targets that differed in local orientation, independent of task difficulty. These results also suggest a longer developmental progression for grouping than for individuation abilities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Microgenesis and Ontogenesis of Perceptual Organization

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In two experiments, visual search and speeded classification were used to study perception of hierarchical patterns among participants aged 5 to 23 years. Perception of global configurations of few-element patterns and local elements of many-element patterns showed large age-related improvements. Only minor age-related changes were observed in perception of global configurations of many-element patterns and local elements of few-element patterns. These results are consistent with prior microgenetic analyses using hierarchical patterns. On the one hand, the rapid and effortless grouping of many small elements and the individuation of few large elements both mature by age 5. In contrast, the time-consuming and effortful grouping of few large elements and the individuation of many small elements improve substantially with age, primarily between ages 5 and 10. These findings support the view that perceptual organization involves multiple processes that vary in time course, attentional demands, and developmental trajectories.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Microgenesis and Ontogenesis of Perceptual Organization

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Predominantly, a local processing bias is noted early in development with a global precedence effect emerging from age 5 (e.g., Poirel et al, 2008; Vinter et al, 2010), perhaps a consequence of immature hemispheric communication at younger ages (Moses et al, 2002; and see Smith and Chatterjee, 2008, for a review). Moreover, some suggest that this global precedence can in fact only be seen much later in development, with local precedence appearing to dominate perceptual organization until adolescence, followed by a gradual transition to more a global processing style (Dukette and Stiles, 1996; Mottron et al, 1999, 2003; Enns et al, 2000; Porporino et al, 2004; Kimchi et al, 2005; Scherf et al, 2009). However, evidence for the reverse pattern has also been found, with demonstrations that 6 and 10 year-olds showed strong global bias, stronger even than that of adults (Mondloch et al, 2003), and that infants show greater sensitivity to global than to local structure in visual stimuli (Quinn and Eimas, 1986; Ghim and Eimas, 1988; Freeseman et al, 1993; Quinn et al, 1993; Frick et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

I can see clearly now: the effects of age and perceptual load on inattentional blindness

Remington

Cartwright-Finch

Lavie

2014

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attention and awareness are known to be linked (e.g., see Lavie et al., 2014, for a review). However the extent to which this link changes over development is not fully understood. Most research concerning the development of attention has investigated the effects of attention on distraction, visual search and spatial orienting, typically using reaction time measures which cannot directly support conclusions about conscious awareness. Here we used Lavie’s Load Theory of Attention and Cognitive Control to examine the development of attention effects on awareness. According to Load Theory, awareness levels are determined by the availability of attentional capacity. We hypothesized that attentional capacity develops with age, and consequently that awareness rates should increase with development due to the enhanced capacity. Thus we predicted that greater rates of inattentional blindness (IB) would be found at a younger age, and that lower levels of load will be sufficient to exhaust capacity and cause IB in children but not adults. We tested this hypothesis using an IB paradigm with adults and children aged 7–8, 9–10, 11–12 and 13 years old. Participants performed a line-length judgment task (indicating which arm of a cross is longer) and on the last trial were asked to report whether they noticed an unexpected task-irrelevant stimulus (a small square) in the display. Perceptual load was varied by changing the line-length difference (with a smaller difference in the conditions of higher load). The results supported our hypothesis: levels of awareness increased with age, and a moderate increase in the perceptual load of the task led to greater IB for children but not adults. These results extended across both peripheral and central presentations of the task stimuli. Overall, these findings establish the development of capacity for awareness and demonstrate the critical role of the perceptual load in the attended task.

show abstract

“…Specifically, attention to global form appears to develop gradually until 8 years of age, and then, once adult-like or better-than-adult-like performance is reached, a rapid improvement in local processing is observed. This pattern of development is reminiscent of early claims concerning the ontogenesis of form perception (Werner, 1935; see also Enns, Burack, Iarocci, & Randolph, 2000). From this perspective, children were assumed to be global processors early in life, followed by increasing expertise at this gist or scene-level analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Developmental trajectories of form perception: A story of attention.

Kovshoff

Iarocci²,

Shore

et al. 2015

Developmental Psychology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The developmental trajectories of selective and divided attention were examined in relation to the processing of hierarchically integrated stimuli. The participants included children in 4 age groups (6, 8, 10, and 12 years) and a group of young adults (24 years) who completed 2 computer-based attention tasks. In the selective attention task, the participants were instructed to attend to only 1 level of analysis and ignore the other. In the divided attention task, participants were told that the target could appear at either level, and the probability that a target would appear at either the global or local level was manipulated. For both of the tasks, distinct and qualitative developmental shifts were evident both between 6 and 8 years of age and between 8 and 10 years of age. Attention to the global form developed prior to, and may have been a prerequisite of, attention to the local form. These gains in attentional control occurred in terms of selective attention, sensitivity to the probability of bias, and relative efficiency in processing global and local targets. The clear developmental trajectory is consistent with the emergent role of voluntary attention in the processing of these types of stimuli.

show abstract

Untitled

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Microgenesis and Ontogenesis of Perceptual Organization

Microgenesis and Ontogenesis of Perceptual Organization

I can see clearly now: the effects of age and perceptual load on inattentional blindness

Developmental trajectories of form perception: A story of attention.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About