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Hariri, Djabbar; Fouchard, M.; Prud'homme, H.

doi:10.1023/a:1017980809756

Cited by 20 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…The initial investigations found frequent association of diseased plants with the plasmodiophoromycete Polymyxa graminis , and biological studies suggested that soilborne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV; genus Furovirus , family Virgaviridae ) was the aetiological agent (Caetano et al., 1978). SBWMV has been reported as the causal agent of SBWMD in the United States and in parts of Europe (Driskel et al., 2002; Hariri et al., 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat stripe mosaic virus from Brazil and South Africa evolved as distinct subpopulations with low genetic variability

Stempkowski,

Pereira,

Lau

et al. 2023

Plant Pathology

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Wheat stripe mosaic virus (WhSMV) is the causal agent of soilborne wheat mosaic disease (SBWMD) in Brazil, which is a serious threat to wheat production in the southern part of the country. WhSMV also occurs in Paraguay and South Africa. The virus is soilborne, transmitted by Polymyxa graminis, and management strategies are mainly based on genetic resistance. Variation in the reaction (type and severity of symptoms) of cultivars has been reported depending on the region and/or year of cultivation, leading wheat breeding programmes to test their materials in several locations, which increases costs and is time‐consuming. One hypothesis is that this variation in symptoms is a result of the genetic variability of WhSMV. We assessed the genetic variability and population structure of WhSMV infecting wheat in Brazil and South Africa. In field experiments conducted in different locations in southern Brazil, a consistent reproducibility of symptoms was observed in a set of cultivars, and molecular analysis showed a low degree of genetic variability of the Brazilian viral population. The hypothesis that the variation in SBWMD symptoms in Brazil is due to genetic variability of the virus was thus rejected. Comparison of the Brazilian and South African WhSMV isolates indicated that they comprise distinct subpopulations and that the Brazilian subpopulation is more variable than the South African subpopulation. The lower genetic variability of the South African subpopulation suggests genetic stability or a recent emergence of WhSMV in that region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat stripe mosaic virus from Brazil and South Africa evolved as distinct subpopulations with low genetic variability

Stempkowski,

Pereira,

Lau

et al. 2023

Plant Pathology

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Does genetic diversity protect host populations from parasites? A meta-analysis across natural and agricultural systems

Gibson

Nguyen

2021

Evolution Letters

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If parasites transmit more readily between closely related hosts, then parasite burdens should decrease with increased genetic diversity of host populations. This important hypothesis is often accepted at face value—notorious epidemics of crop monocultures testify to the vulnerability of host populations that have been purged of diversity. Yet the relationship between genetic diversity and parasitism likely varies across contexts, differing between crop and noncrop hosts and between experimental and natural host populations. Here, we used a meta‐analytic approach to ask if host diversity confers protection against parasites over the range of contexts in which it has been tested. We synthesized the results of 102 studies, comprising 2004 effect sizes representing a diversity of approaches and host‐parasite systems. Our results validate a protective effect of genetic diversity, while revealing significant variation in its strength across biological and empirical contexts. In experimental host populations, genetic diversity reduces parasitism by ∼20% for noncrop hosts and by ∼50% for crop hosts. In contrast, observational studies of natural host populations show no consistent relationship between genetic diversity and parasitism, with both strong negative and positive correlations reported. This result supports the idea that, if parasites preferentially attack close relatives, the correlation of genetic diversity with parasitism could be positive or negative depending upon the potential for host populations to evolve in response to parasite selection. Taken together, these results reinforce genetic diversity as a priority for both conservation and agriculture and emphasize the challenges inherent to drawing comparisons between controlled experimental populations and dynamic natural populations.

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