Wake of a cylinder: a paradigm for energy harvesting with piezoelectric materials

Akaydin, H. Dogus; Elvin, Niell; Andreopoulos, Yiannis

doi:10.1007/s00348-010-0871-7

Cited by 236 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Weinstein et al [19] studied a piezoelectric beam induced by the vortex shedding from an upstream cylinder, and 200 μW and 3 mW of power were respectively generated at air velocities of 3 m/s and 5 m/s. Akaydin et al [20,21] studied a thin polyvinylidene difluoride cantilever beam, and the maximum output power was obtained when the natural frequency of the energy harvester was equal to the vortex shedding frequency. Under the airflow flutter excitation, the airfoil-based piezoelectric energy harvesters were mathematically and experimentally investigated, and it was pointed out that the airfoil-based energy harvester should be an effective way of converting wind energy into electricity [22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Using the Macro Fiber Composite Cantilever with a Bicylinder in Water

Song

Shan

et al. 2015

Applied Sciences

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Abstract:A novel piezoelectric energy harvester equipped with two piezoelectric beams and two cylinders was proposed in this work. The energy harvester can convert the kinetic energy of water into electrical energy by means of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) and wake-induced vibration (WIV). The effects of load resistance, water velocity and cylinder diameter on the performance of the harvester were investigated. It was found that the vibration of the upstream cylinder was VIV which enhanced the energy harvesting capacity of the upstream piezoelectric beam. As for the downstream cylinder, both VIV and the WIV could be obtained. The VIV was found with small L/D, e.g., 2.125, 2.28, 2.5, and 2.8. Additionally, the WIV was stimulated with the increase of L/D (such as 3.25, 4, and 5.5). Due to the WIV, the downstream beam presented better performance in energy harvesting with the increase of water velocity. Furthermore, it revealed that more electrical energy could be obtained by appropriately matching the resistance and the diameter of the cylinder. With optimal resistance (170 kΩ) and diameter of the cylinder (30 mm), the maximum output power of 21.86 μW (sum of both piezoelectric beams) was obtained at a water velocity of 0.31 m/s.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Using the Macro Fiber Composite Cantilever with a Bicylinder in Water

Song

Shan

et al. 2015

Applied Sciences

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“…This method requires fluid kinetic energy to be converted to strain energy of the structure. Then, the strain energy is converted to electrical energy with piezoelectric materials (Allen & Smits 2001;Taylor et al 2001;Akaydin, Elvin & Andreopoulos 2010;Li, Yuan & Lipson 2011;Michelin & Doaré 2013). However, under the conditions previously studied, the critical flow velocity required for flapping is high, thereby making this an impractical method of energy harvesting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flapping dynamics of an inverted flag

et al. 2013

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The dynamics of an inverted flag are investigated experimentally in order to find the conditions under which self-excited flapping can occur. In contrast to a typical flag with a fixed leading edge and a free trailing edge, the inverted flag of our study has a free leading edge and a fixed trailing edge. The behaviour of the inverted flag can be classified into three regimes based on its non-dimensional bending stiffness scaled by flow velocity and flag length. Two quasi-steady regimes, straight mode and fully deflected mode, are observed, and a limit-cycle flapping mode with large amplitude appears between the two quasi-steady regimes. Bistable states are found in both straight to flapping mode transition and flapping to deflected mode transition. The effect of mass ratio, relative magnitude of flag inertia and fluid inertia, on the non-dimensional bending stiffness range for flapping is negligible, unlike the instability of the typical flag. Because of the unsteady fluid force, a flapping sheet can produce elastic strain energy several times larger than a sheet of the deformed mode, improving the conversion of fluid kinetic energy to elastic strain energy. According to the analysis of the leading-edge vortex formation process, the time scale of optimal vortex formation correlates with efficient conversion to elastic strain energy during bending.

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“…Meanwhile, new energy technologies have been proposed to make renewable energy systems more efficient. The use of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV), which can convert fluid kinematic energy into electric power through the vibration of a vibrator, was first introduced in 2008 by Bernitsas et al [1,2], and different kinds of vibrators and conversion systems were developed in subsequent work [3][4][5]. By combining VIV and piezoelectric material, the Vortex Induced Piezoelectric Energy Converter (VIPEC) was proposed [6,7], which comprises a leading cylinder bluff body, a pivoted plate, several piezoelectric patches, and a storage circuit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layout Optimization Design of Two Vortex Induced Piezoelectric Energy Converters (VIPECs) Using the Combined Kriging Surrogate Model and Particle Swarm Optimization Method

Song

Mao

et al. 2018

Energies

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Abstract:The layout configuration of Vortex Induced Piezoelectric Energy Converters (VIPECs) is essential to improve its overall performance. Based on the formations of migrating geese, the configuration is characterized by two nondimensionalized layout parameters. A number of sampled points for different configurations are simulated with the two-dimensional Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method. The influence of layout configurations on VIPECs' lift force and wake structure is investigated and the generated open circuit output voltage is obtained through the derived output voltage equation. The response surface model of the output voltage of both the leading VIPEC and the following VIPEC and their summation are established using the Kriging surrogate model based on the obtained simulation results. Then, optimal layout parameters are found through the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, and its predicted result is compared with that of the CFD simulation. The simulation and optimization results reveal that the output voltage is not always consistent with the lift force on the plate. When VIPECs are placed in parallel with a certain spacing, their overall performance increases. The summation of output voltage is predicted to improve by approximately 63.7% compared to two single VIPECs when they are placed at the optimal layout parameters.

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Wake of a cylinder: a paradigm for energy harvesting with piezoelectric materials

Cited by 236 publications

References 35 publications

A Novel Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Using the Macro Fiber Composite Cantilever with a Bicylinder in Water

A Novel Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Using the Macro Fiber Composite Cantilever with a Bicylinder in Water

Flapping dynamics of an inverted flag

Layout Optimization Design of Two Vortex Induced Piezoelectric Energy Converters (VIPECs) Using the Combined Kriging Surrogate Model and Particle Swarm Optimization Method

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