Walker‐256 tumor alters morphology of intestinal myenteric plexus in rats

Marega, Patricia; Liberti, Édson Aparecido; Freitas, J. J. S.; Kietzer, Kátia Simone

doi:10.1111/nmo.13322

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…An in vivo study showed that the loss of smoothelin resulted in irregular slow wave patterns, impaired intestinal contraction, and hampered intestinal transit [30]. It was also reported that structural alterations in the myenteric plexus in tumorbearing rats resulted in decreased upper gastrointestinal transit [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of the skeletal muscle index in postoperative ileus of colorectal cancer patients : a case control study

Sasaki¹,

Fukuoka²,

Shibutani³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background:Postoperative complications of colorectal cancer mainly include infections (surgical site infection, remote infection, etc.), post-operative ileus (POI), and anastomosis leakage. POI reportedly prolongs the hospital stay and increases medical costs. Therefore, predicting POI is very important. There have been some reports on the relationships between sarcopenia and postoperative complications in colorectal cancer patients, but none have been limited to POI. We therefore conducted a retrospective clinical study with a logistic regression analysis to confirm the risk factors for ileus after colorectal cancer surgery.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 213 patients who underwent radical surgery for colorectal cancer from November 2017 to July 2021. The skeletal muscle mass (SMM, kg) was estimated using a whole-body bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and the skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated as the SMM / height2. We divided all patients into 2 groups based on a low SMI (male <8.958 kg/m2, female <8.443 kg/m2) or normal SMI. Preoperative and intraoperative factors as well as, postoperative outcomes were then compared between the two groups.Results:The median (range) age of the 213 included patients was 72.0 (33-91) years old. Complications were noted in 100 patients (46.9 %), including 21 (9.9 %) with POI. There were 68 (31.9 %) low SMI patients. POI occurred significantly more frequently in low SMI patients (19.1 %) than in normal SMI patients (5.5 %) (p = 0.005). In the multivariate analysis, bleeding (p=0.005) and a low SMI (p = 0.044) were significantly associated with POI. In addition, a propensity score matching analysis was performed to further reduce the selection bias. As a result, a low SMI was the only independent POI predictor among the 74 matched cases.Conclusion:A preoperative low SMI in colorectal cancer patients was considered a risk factor for POI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of the skeletal muscle index in postoperative ileus of colorectal cancer patients : a case control study

Sasaki¹,

Fukuoka²,

Shibutani³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…aging, diabetes, cancer, parasitic diseases and physical activity). These studies evaluate whether the intestinal dysfunctions are associated with morphological and quantitative changes of neurons and expression of neurotransmitters by the ENS [14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Does Rheumatoid Arthritis Affects the Nitrergic Density and Somatic Area of the nNOS-Immunoreactive (IR) Myenteric Neurons, as well as the Morphometric Areas of CGRP and VIP-IR Varicosities of the Ileum of Arthritic Rats?

Ahmed¹,

Virginia²

2019

Intern Med

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Few studies regarding arthritic diseases have been performed to verify the presence of the neurodegeneration. Given the increased oxidative stress and extra-articular effects of the rheumatoid arthritis, the gastrointestinal studies should be further investigated aiming a better understanding of the systemic effects the disease on enteric nervous system. To determine whether the rheumatoid arthritis affects the nitrergic density and somatic area of the nNOSimmunoreactive (IR) myenteric neurons, as well as the morphometric areas of CGRP and VIP-IR varicosities of the ileum of arthritic rats. Twenty 58-day-old male Holtzmann rats were distributed in two groups: control and arthritic. The arthritic group received a single injection of the Freund's Complete Adjuvant in order to induce arthritis model. The whole-mount preparations of ileum were processed for immunohistochemistry to VIP, CGRP and nNOS. Quantification was used for the nitrergic neurons and morphometric analyses were performed for the three markers. The arthritic disease induced a reduction 6% in ileal area compared to control group. No significant differences were observed in nitrergic density comparing both groups. However, arthritic group yielded a reduction of the nitrergic neuronal somatic area and VIP-IR varicosity areas. However, an increase of varicosity CGRP-IR areas was also observed. Despite arthritis resulted in no alterations in the number of nitrergic neurons, the retraction of ileal area and reduction of nitrergic somatic and VIP-IR varicosity areas may suggest a negative impact the disease on the ENS.

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“…Myenteric plexuses are located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers and directly regulate relaxation and contraction of the intestinal wall. Structural alterations in the myenteric plexus have previously been observed in tumour‐bearing rats and have been shown to result in a decreased upper GI transit 30 . ICCs are in close association with both myenteric plexuses and SMCs and generate spontaneous pacemaker currents that drive SMC contractile activities 31 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Structural alterations in the myenteric plexus have previously been observed in tumour-bearing rats and have been shown to result in a decreased upper GI transit. 30 ICCs are in close association with both myenteric plexuses and SMCs and generate spontaneous pacemaker currents that drive SMC contractile activities. 31 Given the frequent GI symptoms reported in patients with cancer cachexia and the important role of smooth muscle, the myenteric plexuses, and ICCs in coordinating intestinal contractile activity, we hypothesized that cachectic cancer patients could display alterations in intestinal SMC phenotype, the myenteric plexus, and/or ICC abundance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal smooth muscle aberrations in pancreatic cancer patients with sarcopenia

Vaes

Welbers

Dijk

et al. 2021

JCSM Rapid Communications

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Background Cancer cachexia is characterized by impaired function of skeletal and cardiac muscle. Smooth muscle is abundantly present in the body and critical for the function of the gastrointestinal tract. Given the frequently reported gastrointestinal symptoms in cancer patients, we hypothesized that the smooth musculature could be compromised in cancer patients with sarcopenia. Methods Full-thickness jejunal tissue sections from 57 pancreatic cancer patients were analysed by picrosirius red stains and immunohistochemistry for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), smoothelin, and CD117 (c-kit). Muscle wall thickness, contractile marker expression, and collagen deposition were quantified. Patients were assigned to a sarcopenia or non-sarcopenia group based on their skeletal muscle index. Results Intestinal smooth muscle wall thickness did not differ between the sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia group (1,661 ± 125.0 vs. 1,439 ± 93.5 μm, P = 0.41). Whereas α-SMA staining intensity was similar in both groups, staining intensity of smoothelin, a key marker of the contractile smooth muscle cell phenotype, was reduced (143.0 ± 22.6 vs. 125.4 ± 29.3 arbitrary units, P = 0.02) in sarcopenic patients. The distribution of CD117 + interstitial cells of Cajal was similar in both groups, but pronounced collagen deposition around the myenteric plexus was more often observed in patients with sarcopenia (P = 0.04). Conclusions These data suggest that cancer cachexia is not only associated with skeletal and cardiac muscle wasting, but also affects the intestinal smooth musculature. Reduced contractile smooth muscle marker expression and fibrosis around the myenteric plexus suggest that both contractile function of smooth muscle cells and regulation of their contractile functionality could be compromised.

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Walker‐256 tumor alters morphology of intestinal myenteric plexus in rats

Cited by 6 publications

References 49 publications

Usefulness of the skeletal muscle index in postoperative ileus of colorectal cancer patients : a case control study

Usefulness of the skeletal muscle index in postoperative ileus of colorectal cancer patients : a case control study

Does Rheumatoid Arthritis Affects the Nitrergic Density and Somatic Area of the nNOS-Immunoreactive (IR) Myenteric Neurons, as well as the Morphometric Areas of CGRP and VIP-IR Varicosities of the Ileum of Arthritic Rats?

Intestinal smooth muscle aberrations in pancreatic cancer patients with sarcopenia

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